Study Desk

Northern Kings Defeated

When Jabin^(a) king of Hazor^(b) heard of this, he sent word to Jobab king of Madon, to the kings of Shimron^(c) and Akshaph,^(d)

and to the northern kings who were in the mountains, in the Arabah^(e) south of Kinnereth,^(f) in the western foothills and in Naphoth Dor^(g) on the west;

to the Canaanites in the east and west; to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites^(h) and Jebusites in the hill country;⁽ⁱ⁾ and to the Hivites^(j) below Hermon^(k) in the region of Mizpah.^(l)

They came out with all their troops and a large number of horses and chariots—a huge army, as numerous as the sand on the seashore.^(m)

All these kings joined forces⁽ⁿ⁾ and made camp together at the Waters of Merom^(o) to fight against Israel.

The Lord said to Joshua, "Do not be afraid of them, because by this time tomorrow I will hand^(p) all of them, slain, over to Israel. You are to hamstring^(q) their horses and burn their chariots."^(r)

So Joshua and his whole army came against them suddenly at the Waters of Merom and attacked them,

and the Lord gave them into the hand of Israel. They defeated them and pursued them all the way to Greater Sidon,^(s) to Misrephoth Maim,^(t) and to the Valley of Mizpah on the east, until no survivors were left.

Joshua did to them as the Lord had directed: He hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots.

At that time Joshua turned back and captured Hazor and put its king to the sword.^(u) (Hazor had been the head of all these kingdoms.)

Everyone in it they put to the sword. They totally destroyed^[a] them,^(v) not sparing anyone that breathed,^(w) and he burned^(x) Hazor itself.

Joshua took all these royal cities and their kings and put them to the sword. He totally destroyed them, as Moses the servant of the Lord had commanded.^(y)

Yet Israel did not burn any of the cities built on their mounds—except Hazor, which Joshua burned.

The Israelites carried off for themselves all the plunder and livestock of these cities, but all the people they put to the sword until they completely destroyed them, not sparing anyone that breathed.^(z)

As the Lord commanded his servant Moses, so Moses commanded Joshua, and Joshua did it; he left nothing undone of all that the Lord commanded Moses.^(aa)

So Joshua took this entire land: the hill country,^(ab) all the Negev,^(ac) the whole region of Goshen, the western foothills,^(ad) the Arabah and the mountains of Israel with their foothills,

from Mount Halak, which rises toward Seir,^(ae) to Baal Gad^(af) in the Valley of Lebanon^(ag) below Mount Hermon.^(ah) He captured all their kings and put them to death.^(ai)

Joshua waged war against all these kings for a long time.

Except for the Hivites^(aj) living in Gibeon,^(ak) not one city made a treaty of peace^(al) with the Israelites, who took them all in battle.

For it was the Lord himself who hardened their hearts^(am) to wage war against Israel, so that he might destroy them totally, exterminating them without mercy, as the Lord had commanded Moses.^(an)

At that time Joshua went and destroyed the Anakites^(ao) from the hill country: from Hebron, Debir^(ap) and Anab,^(aq) from all the hill country of Judah, and from all the hill country of Israel. Joshua totally destroyed them and their towns.

No Anakites were left in Israelite territory; only in Gaza,^(ar) Gath^(as) and Ashdod^(at) did any survive.

So Joshua took the entire land,^(au) just as the Lord had directed Moses, and he gave it as an inheritance^(av) to Israel according to their tribal divisions.^(aw) Then the land had rest^(ax) from war.^(ay)

List of Defeated Kings

These are the kings of the land whom the Israelites had defeated and whose territory they took^(a) over east of the Jordan,^(b) from the Arnon^(c) Gorge to Mount Hermon,^(d) including all the eastern side of the Arabah:^(e)

Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon.^(f) He ruled from Aroer^(g) on the rim of the Arnon Gorge—from the middle of the gorge—to the Jabbok River,^(h) which is the border of the Ammonites.⁽ⁱ⁾ This included half of Gilead.^(j)

He also ruled over the eastern Arabah from the Sea of Galilee^[a](k) to the Sea of the Arabah (that is, the Dead Sea^(l)), to Beth Jeshimoth,^(m) and then southward below the slopes of Pisgah.⁽ⁿ⁾

And the territory of Og king of Bashan,^(o) one of the last of the Rephaites,^(p) who reigned in Ashtaroth^(q) and Edrei.

He ruled over Mount Hermon, Salekah,^(r) all of Bashan^(s) to the border of the people of Geshur^(t) and Maakah,^(u) and half of Gilead^(v) to the border of Sihon king of Heshbon.

Moses, the servant of the Lord , and the Israelites conquered them.^(w) And Moses the servant of the Lord gave their land to the Reubenites, the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh to be their possession.^(x)

Here is a list of the kings of the land that Joshua and the Israelites conquered on the west side of the Jordan, from Baal Gad in the Valley of Lebanon^(y) to Mount Halak, which rises toward Seir. Joshua gave their lands as an inheritance to the tribes of Israel according to their tribal divisions.

The lands included the hill country, the western foothills, the Arabah, the mountain slopes, the wilderness and the Negev.^(z) These were the lands of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites. These were the kings:^(aa)

the king of Jericho(ab)	one
the king of Ai(ac) (near Bethel(ad))	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:10 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Jerusalem(ae)	one
the king of Hebron	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:11 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Jarmuth	one
the king of Lachish(af)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:12 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Eglon(ag)	one
the king of Gezer(ah)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:13 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Debir(ai)	one
the king of Geder	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:14 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Hormah(aj)	one
the king of Arad(ak)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:15 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Libnah(al)	one
the king of Adullam(am)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:16 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Makkedah(an)	one
the king of Bethel(ao)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:17 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Tappuah(ap)	one
the king of Hepher(aq)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:18 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Aphek(ar)	one
the king of Lasharon	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:19 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Madon	one
the king of Hazor(as)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:20 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Shimron Meron	one
the king of Akshaph(at)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:21 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Taanach(au)	one
the king of Megiddo(av)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:22 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Kedesh(aw)	one
the king of Jokneam(ax) in Carmel(ay)	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:23 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Dor (in Naphoth Dor(az))	one
the king of Goyim in Gilgal	one Footnotes:   Cross References:   Joshua 12:24 [ Read Chapter | Listen to Audio | View Context | Multi-Translations | Study Tools ]
the king of Tirzah(ba)	one
thirty-one kings in all.(bb)