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Witness

Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words

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A — 1: μάρτυς

(Strong's #3144 — Noun Masculine — martus | martur — mar'-toos )

(whence Eng., "martyr," one who bears "witness" by his death) denotes "one who can or does aver what he has seen or heard or knows;" it is used (a) of God, Romans 1:9; 2 Corinthians 1:23; Philippians 1:8; 1 Thessalonians 2:5,10 (2nd part); (b) of Christ, Revelation 1:5; 3:14; (c) of those who "witness" for Christ by their death, Acts 22:20; Revelation 2:13; Revelation 17:6; (d) of the interpreters of God's counsels, yet to "witness" in Jerusalem in the times of the Antichrist, Revelation 11:3; (e) in a forensic sense, Matthew 18:16; 26:65; Mark 14:63; Acts 6:13; 7:58; 2 Corinthians 13:1; 1 Timothy 5:19; Hebrews 10:28; (f) in a historical sense, Luke 11:48; 24:48; Acts 1:8,22; 2:32; 3:15; 5:32; 10:39,41; 13:31; 22:15; 26:16; 1 Thessalonians 2:10 (1st part); 1 Timothy 6:12; 2 Timothy 2:2; Hebrews 12:1 , "(a cloud) of witnesses," here of those mentioned in ch. 11, those whose lives and actions testified to the worth and effect of faith, and whose faith received "witness" in Scripture; 1 Peter 5:1 .

A — 2: μαρτυρία

(Strong's #3141 — Noun Feminine — marturia — mar-too-ree'-ah )

"testimony, a bearing witness," is translated "witness" in Mark 14:55,56,59; Luke 22:71; John 1:7,19 (RV); 3:11,32,33 (RV); 5:31,32,34 (RV),36; RV in 8:13,14,17; 19:35; 21:24; AV in Titus 1:13; AV and RV in 1 John 5:9 (thrice), 10 (1st part); RV in 1 John 5:10 (2nd part),11; 3 John 12 : see TESTIMONY , No. 2.

A — 3: μαρτύριον

(Strong's #3142 — Noun Neuter — marturion — mar-too'-ree-on )

"testimony or witness as borne, a declaration of facts," is translated "witness" in Matthew 24:14 , AV; Acts 4:33; 7:44 (AV); James 5:3 (AV): see TESTIMONY , No. 1.

A — 4: ψευδόμαρτυς

(Strong's #5575 — Noun Masculine — pseudomartus[-tur] — psyoo-dom-ar'-toor )

denotes "a false witness," Matthew 26:60; 1 Corinthians 15:15 .

A — 5: ψευδομαρτυρία

(Strong's #5577 — Noun Feminine — pseudomarturia — psyoo-dom-ar-too-ree'-ah )

"false witness," occurs in Matthew 15:19; 26:59 .

B — 1: μαρτυρέω

(Strong's #3140 — Verb — martureo — mar-too-reh'-o )

denotes (I) "to be a martus" (see A, No. 1), or "to bear witness to," sometimes rendered "to testify" (see TESTIFY , No. 1); it is used of the "witness" (a) of God the Father to Christ, John 5:32,37; 8:18 (2nd part); 1 John 5:9,10; to others, Acts 13:22; 15:8; Hebrews 11:2,4 (twice),5,39; (b) of Christ, John 3:11,32; 4:44; 5:31; 7:7; 8:13,14,18 (1st part); 13:21; 18:37; Acts 14:3; 1 Timothy 6:13; Revelation 22:18,20; of the Holy Spirit, to Christ, John 15:26; Hebrews 10:15; 1 John 5:7,8 , RV, which rightly omits the latter part of ver. 7 (it was a marginal gloss which crept into the original text: see THREE); it finds no support in Scripture; (c) of the Scriptures, to Christ, John 5:39; Hebrews 7:8,17; (d) of the works of Christ, to Himself, and of the circumstances connected with His Death, John 5:36; 10:25; 1 John 5:8; (e) of prophets and apostles, to the righteousness of God, Romans 3:21; to Christ, John 1:7,8,15,32,34; 3:26; 5:33 , RV; 15:27; 19:35; 21:24; Acts 10:43; 23:11; 1 Corinthians 15:15; 1 John 1:2; 4:14; Revelation 1:2; to doctrine, Acts 26:22 (in some texts, so AV; see No. 2); to the Word of God, Revelation 1:2; (f) of others, concerning Christ, Luke 4:22; John 4:39; 12:17; (g) of believers to one another, John 3:28; 2 Corinthians 8:3; Galatians 4:15; Colossians 4:13; 1 Thessalonians 2:11 (in some texts: see No. 2); 3 John 1:3,6,12 (2nd part); (h) of the Apostle Paul concerning Israel, Romans 10:2; (i) of an angel, to the churches, Revelation 22:16; (j) of unbelievers concerning themselves, Matthew 23:31; concerning Christ, John 18:23; concerning others, John 2:25; Acts 22:5; 26:5; (II) "to give a good report, to approve of," Acts 6:3; 10:22; 16:2; 22:12; 1 Timothy 5:10; 3 John 1:12 (1st part); some would put Luke 4:22 here.

B — 2: μαρτύρομαι

(Strong's #3143 — Verb — marturomai — mar-too'-rom-ahee )

strictly meaning "to summon as a witness," signifies "to affirm solemnly, adjure," and is used in the Middle Voice only, rendered "to testify" in Acts 20:26 , RV (AV, "I take ... to record"); 26:22, RV, in the best texts [see No. 1 (e)]; Galatians 5:3; Ephesians 4:17; 1 Thessalonians 2:11 , in the best texts [see No. 1 (g)].

B — 3: συμμαρτυρέω

(Strong's #4828 — Verb — summartureo — soom-mar-too-reh'-o )

denotes "to bear witness with" (sun), Romans 2:15; 8:16; 9:1 .

B — 4: συνεπιμαρτυρέω

(Strong's #4901 — Verb — sunepimartureo — soon-ep-ee-mar-too-reh'-o )

denotes "to join in bearing witness with others," Hebrews 2:4 .

B — 5: καταμαρτυρέω

(Strong's #2649 — Verb — katamartureo — kat-am-ar-too-reh'-o )

denotes "to witness against" (kata), Matthew 26:62; 27:13; Mark 14:60 (in some mss., Mark 15:4 , for kategoreo, "to accuse," RV).

B — 6: ψευδομαρτυρέω

(Strong's #5576 — Verb — pseudomartureo — psyoo-dom-ar-too-reh'-o )

"to bear false witness" (pseudes, "false"), occurs in Matthew 19:18; Mark 10:19; 14:56,57; Luke 18:20; in some texts, Romans 13:9 .

C — 1: ἀμάρτυρος

(Strong's #267 — Adjective — amarturos — am-ar'-too-ros )

denotes "without witness" (a, negative, and martus), Acts 14:17 .

Bibliography Information
Vines, W. E., M. A. Entry for 'Witness'. Vine's Expository Dictionary of NT Words. https://www.studylight.org/​dictionaries/​eng/​ved/​w/witness.html. 1940.
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