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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4560 - σάρκινος
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- fleshly, consisting of flesh, composed of flesh
- pertaining to the body (as earthly and perishable material)
- wholly given up to the flesh, rooted in the flesh as it were
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σάρκ-ῐνος, η, ον,
of or like flesh, fleshy, ς. ὄζος (v. ὄζος ) ς. [μέρη ] fleshy parts, such as the gums, Arist. HA 493a1; made of flesh (and blood), Id. EN 1117b5; ἄνθρωποι θνατοὶ καὶ ς . Hipparch. ap. Stob. 4.44.81, cf. Phld. D. 3 Fr. 6, Sign. 34; ς. ἰχθῦς (opp. a dream) Theoc. 21.66; τοῖς τὸ χρήσιμον καὶ ς. καὶ ὠφέλιμον [ἔχουσι τῶν λόγων ] substantial, Plu. 2.79c.
2. made of gut, σχοινία PLond. 3.1177.169 (ii A.D.) .
3. fleshly, of the flesh, Ep. Hebrews 7:16, v.l. in Ep.Romans 7:14 .
II fleshy, corpulent, Ar. Fr. 711, Eup. 387; σώματα Pl. Lg. 906c .
III σάρκινος ἤτοι γυργαθός, perh. = cross σαργάνη 2, Edict.Diocl. 32.18.
σάρκινος, σαρκίνη, σάρκινον (σάρξ) (Aristophanes, Plato, Aristotle, others), fleshy, Latincarneus, i. e.
1. consisting of flesh, composed of flesh (for proparoxytones ending in (ινος generally denote the material of which a thing is made, cf. Fritzsche, Ep. ad Romans, ii., p. 46f; (Donaldson, New Crat. § 258)); Vulg. carnalis: opposed to λίθινος, 2 Corinthians 3:3 (σάρκινος ἰχθύς, opposed to a fish of gold which has been dreamed of, Theocritus, id. 21, 66; the word is also found in Plato, Aristotle, Theophrastus, Plutarch; the Sept., others).
2. pertaining to the body (as earthly and perishable material, opposed to ζωή ἀκατάλυτος): Hebrews 7:16 G L T Tr WH (see σαρκικός, 2).
3. it is used where σαρκικός might have been expected: viz. by G L T Tr WH in Romans 7:14 and 1 Corinthians 3:1; in these passages, unless we decide that Paul used σαρκικός and σάρκινος indiscriminately, we must suppose that σάρκινος expresses the idea of σαρκικός with an emphasis: wholly given up to the flesh, rooted in the flesh as it were. Cf. Winer's Grammar, § 16, 3 γ.; Fritzsche as above; Reiche, Critical Commentary on the N. T., i., p. 138ff; Holsten, Zum Evang. des Paulus u. Petrus, p. 397ff. (Rostock, 1887); (Trench, Synonyms, § lxxii.).
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σάρκινος , -η , -ον
(< σάρξ ),
[in LXX: 2 Chronicles 32:8, Ezekiel 11:19; Ezekiel 36:26 (H1320), Ezra 4:17, Proverbs 24:23 (Proverbs 29:27) *;]
= Lat. carneus (the termination -ινος denoting the substance or material of a thing; v. Tr., Syn., § LXXii; Lft., Notes, 184; and for illustrations from Papyri, v. MM, xxii), of the flesh, of flesh, fleshy (Plat., Arist., Plut., al.): Romans 7:14, 1 Corinthians 3:1, 2 Corinthians 3:3, Hebrews 7:16. (Rec. has -ικός in all these passages except 2 Corinthians 3:3, but the evidence is decisive against it.)†
SYN.: σαρκικός G4559, q.v.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
σκύλλω, which in the classical period is physical, ";flay,"; ";skin,"; has become in late Greek almost entirely metaphorical, and has very different degrees of strength, like the English ";distress,"; which answers to it very fairly all round.
(1) The verb has much its old physical sense in P Par 35.15 (B.C. 163) (= UPZ i. p. 130) σκυλήσας τὸ ἱερόν, and BGU III. 757.17 (A.D. 12) πυρίνων δραγμάτ (ων) σκύλαντες δράγμ (ατα) δέκα τρία, where it is = ";plunder.";
(2) For the meaning ";distress,"; ";harass,"; as in Matthew 9:36, cf. P Par 63.25 (B.C. 164) (= P Petr III. p. 20) σκύλλεσθαι μὴ μετρίως, ";harassed to no small extent"; (Mahaffy), and P Leid G.5 (B.C. 185–141) (= I. p. 42) π ]αρ᾽ ἕκαστ [ον σκ ]ύλλεσθ [α ]ι [ὑπ᾽ ἐνίων, ";continuo vexari (se) a quibus-dam,"; cf..14. With Mark 5:35, Luke 7:6, cf. P Oxy II. 295.5 (c. A.D. 35) μὴ σκ íλ ýύλλε ε ̣̔ατὴν (l. σεαυτὴν) ἐνπῆναι (l. ἐμφῆναι ?), ";don’t trouble yourself to explain (?)"; (Edd.), and ib. XIV. 1669.13 (iii/A.D.) σ ]κύληθι καὶ αὐτὸς ἐνθάδε, ";do you yourself be at the pains of coming here"; (Edd.). See also Diog. Oenoand. fr. 1i. 4 ὅτι μὴ δεόντως ὑπ᾽ αὐτῆς σκύλλεται καὶ καταπονεῖται καὶ εἰς οὐκ ἀναγκαῖα σύρεται πράγματα, and cf. Praef, p. XXXIX.
(3) The meaning ";worry,"; ";trouble,"; is seen in such passages as P Tebt II. 421.11 (iii/A.D.) (= Selections, p. 107) μὴ σκύλῃς τὴν γ ̣[υνα ]ῖκά σου, ";do not trouble your wife,"; P Flor III. 332.15 (ii/A.D.) ἵνα κἀγὼ μὴ σκυλῶ εἰς τὰ δικαστήρια, and Preisigke 4317.22 (c. A.D. 200) δι᾽ αὐτῶν πέμψε ὃ θέλεις σὺν ἐπιστολίτιν, ἐὰν μὴ θέλῃς σκυλῆναι οὕτως.
(4) The verb is construed with πρός in the sense of ";take the trouble of going to"; in such passages as BGU III. 830.25 (i/A.D.) τοὺς φίλακ ̣ε ̣ς (l. φύλακας) η ̣̔μῶν σκῦλον πρὸς αὐ [·]ήν, P Oxy I. 123.10 (iii/iv A.D.) ποίησον αὐτὸν σκυλῆναι πρὸς Τιμόθεον, P Fay 134.2 (early iv/A.D.) παρακληθεὶς κύριε σκῦλον σεαυτὸν πρὸς ἡμᾶς, and P Oxy VI. 941.2 (vi/A.D.) ἐὰν σ ̣[κ ]υ ̣λῆ ̣ς ̣ πρὸς τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ οἰκονόμου (with the editors’ note).
A compd. συσκύλλω (not in LS8) occurs in P Oxy I. 63.12 (ii/iii A.D.) συνσκυλῆθ ̣ι ̣ αὐτῷ, where the editors render ";give him your best attention,"; and a verbal ἄσκυλτος in P Tebt II. 315.9 (ii/A.D.) ἐγὼ γάρ σε ἄσκυλ [τον ] πο [ι ]ήσω, ";I will see that you are not worried"; (Edd.), and P Oxy III. 532.14 (ii/A.D.).
For the subst. σκυλμός = (a) ";insolence"; (corresponding to ὕβρις), cf. P Tebt I. 16.15 (B.C. 114) μετὰ σκυλμοῦ, and ib. 41.7 (c. B.C. 119) : (b) ";fatigue,"; cf. P Fay 111.5 (A.D. 95–6) (= Selections, p. 66) μένφομαί σαι μεγάλως ἀπολέσας χ [υ ]ρίδια δύω ἀπὸ τοῦ σκυλμοῦ τῆς ὡδοῦ, ";I blame you greatly for the loss of two pigs owing to the fatigue of the journey"; (Edd.) : and (c) ";distress,"; as in 3 Maccabees 3:25; 3 Maccabees 7:5, cf. P Oxy I. 125.14 (vi/A.D.), where it is joined with βλαβή, ζημία, and ὄχλησις. See also Artem. p. 125.6 φροντίδας καὶ σκυλμούς, where the latter word has the sense of ";vexations,"; as in Cicero’s letters (cf. Abbott Essays, p. 87).
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