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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4768 - στυγνάζω
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- to be sad, sorrowful
- metaph. of the sky covered with clouds
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- Word
- Parsing
στυγν-άζω,
( στυγνός )
to have a gloomy, lowering look, ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ Mark 10:22 : abs., PMag.Leid.W. 5.5, Steph. in Hp. 2.514D.; of threatening weather, Ev.Matthew 16:3 .
στυγνάζω; 1 aorist participle στυγνάσας; (στυγνός sombre, gloomy); to be sad, to be sorrowful: properly, ἐπί τίνι (R. V. his countenance fell at etc.), Mark 10:22; metaphorically, of the sky covered with clouds (A. V. to be towering), Matthew 16:3 (T brackets WH reject the passage). (Schol. on Aeschylus Pers. 470; the Sept. thrice for שָׁמֵן, to be amazed, astonished, ἐπί τινα, Ezekiel 27:35; Ezekiel 32:10; στυγνότης, of the gloominess of the sky, Polybius 4, 21, 1.)
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† στυγνάζω
(<στυγνός , sombre, gloomy, sullen, Isaiah 5:17, Wisdom of Solomon 17:5, Da LXX 2:12*),
[in LXX: Ezekiel 27:35; Ezekiel 28:19; Ezekiel 32:10 (H8074)*;]
to have a sombre, gloomy appearance: of the human countenance (RV, his countenance fell), Mark 10:22; of the sky (so στυγνότης , Polyb., iv, 21, 1), Matthew 16:3 ([WH], R, mg., om.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
According to Grimm-Thayer this verb with λόγον in the sense of ";settle accounts,"; ";make a reckoning with,"; as in its NT occurrences (Matthew 18:23 f. ; Matthew 25:19), is ";not found in Grk. auth."; But numerous exx. can now be furnished from the papyri, e.g. P Lond 131 recto.194 (accounts—A.D. 78–79) (= I. p. 175) συ ]ναίρων μετὰ Ἐπιμάχο (υ) τὸν λόγον, BGU III. 775.19 (ii/A.D.) τὰ ἤδη πρόλημα (l. πρόλημμα) (";what has already been advanced";) ἀφὲς ἄχρης (l. ἄχρις) ἂν γένομε ἐκῖ καὶ συνάρωμεν λόγον, PSI VII. 801.3 (ii/A.D. ?) παν ̣τὸς λόγο (υ) συνηρμένο (υ), and P Flor III. 372.14 (iii/A.D.) ἕως Θὼθ παντὸς λόγο [υ ]συνηρμένου ὀφίλῳ [.
For the mid. which is ";more classical in spirit"; (Proleg. p. 160) cf. P Ryl II. 229.15 (A.D. 38) δοκῶ γὰρ συναιρόμενος πρὸς σὲ λογάριον, ";I expect to make up an account with you"; (Edd.), P Fay 109.6 (early i/A.D.) ὅτι συνῆρμαι λόγον τῷ πατρί, ";for I have settled accounts with his (?) father"; (Edd.), P Oxy I. 113.27 (ii/A.D.) ὅτι ἔδωκας αὐτῶι δήλωσόν μοι ἵνα συνάρωμαι αὐτῶι λόγον, ";let me know what you have given him that I may settle accounts with him"; (Edd.), and ib, XIV. 1669.15 (iii/A.D.) ἵ [να τοὺ ]ς λόγους τῶν φόρων συνα ̣[ιρώμεθ ]α, ";in order that we may make up the accounts of the rents"; (Edd.).
Other exx. of the verb are P Rein 87 (B.C. 113–2) ἀπὸ συναλλαγ [μάτων αὐτῶ ]ι συνηρμένων, and ib. 318 (B.C. 109), and BGU IV. 478.9 (iii/A.D.) (= Chrest. I. p. 564), a father’s letter of congratulation to his son on his marriage, ὅπως γενόμενοι παρ᾽ ὑμῖν συνάρωμεν διπλῆν ε [ἰ ]λαπίνην (";banquet";) τεθαλυῗαν.
For the subst. σύναρσις, hitherto attested only in Byz. writers, cf. Ostr 1135.5 (A.D. 214) ἄχρι λόγου συνάρσ ̣εως P Amh II. 101.4 (early iii/A.D.) ἐκ συνάρσεως λόγων, and for συναίρεμα, ";summary,"; see P Tebt II. 340.5 al. (A.D. 206), and cf. BGU VII. 1613 Bii. 16 (A.D. 69–70), 1626.2 (iii/A.D.).
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
