Bible Lexicons

{ἀπωθεìομαι} ἀπωìομαι

From G575 and the middle voice of ὠθεìω ōtheō or ὠìθω ōthō (to shove)

ὠθ-έω, Att. impf. ἐώθουν Ar. Pax 637 (troch.), D. 9.65, (ἐξ-) Th. 7.52, etc., and ἐώθει even in h.Merc. 305; Ion. and Ephesians 3:1-21 sg. ὤθει Il. 21.241; Ion. ὤθεσκε Od. 11.596: but ὤθει E. IT 1395 is f.l. for ὠθεῖ (Kirchhoff): fut. ὠθήσω Id. Cyc. 592, Ar. Ec. 300 (lyr.), (ἐξ-) S. Aj. 1248; but ὤσω E. Med. 379, Andr. 344, and always in Prose; ἀπ-ώσω Od. 15.280, inf. ἀπ-ωσέμεν Il. 13.367: Att. aor. ἔωσα Pl. Ti. 60c, etc., (ἐξ-) S. OC 1296, 1330, etc.; Ion. and ὦσα Il. 1.220, Hdt. 7.167, ὤσασκε Od. 11.599; but ἔωσα Il. 16.410, (ἀπ-) Od. 9.81; later ὤθησα Ael. NA 13.17, etc.: pf. ἔωκα (ἐξ-) Plu. 2.48c: plpf. ἐώκει (ἐξ-) Id. Brut. 42: — Med., fut. ὤσομαι (ἀπ-) S. El. 944, etc., (δι-) A. Fr. 199.9, etc.: — Att. aor. ἐωσάυην Th. 4.43, Ar. V. 1085 (troch., with vv. ll.); Ion. and ὠσάμην Il. 16.592, Hdt. 9.25, v.l. in Ar. V. l.c.: — Pass., fut. ὠσθήσομαι E. Med. 335 (v.l. ὠθήσομαι), (ἐξ-) D. 24.61: Att. aor. ἐώσθην (ἐξ-) X. HG 2.4.34, etc.; later ὤσθην (ἐξ-) Arr. An. 4.25.3, Plot. 4.4.45: Att. pf. ἔωσμαι X. Cyr. 7.1.36, (ἀπ-, περι-) Th. 2.39, 3.57; Ion. part. ἀπωσμένος Hdt. 5.69: —

I

1. thrust, push, I mostly of human force, as of Sisyphus, σκηριπτόμενος χερσίν τε ποσίν τε λᾶαν ἄνω ὤθεσκε ποτὶ λόφον he kept pushing it.., Od. 11.596, cf. 599; ἀπὸ εἷο τράπεζαν ὦσε ποδὶ πλήξας 22.20; [ ἔγχος] ὑπὲκ δίφροιο pushed it away from.., Il. 5.854; ἂψ ἐς κουλεὸν ὦσε ξίφος 1.220; τοῖσι δ' ἀπ' ὀφθαλμῶν νέφος ἀχλύος ὦσεν Ἀθήνη 15.668; τὸν δε' Ζεὺς ὦσεν ὄπισθε χειρί ib. 694, cf. 13.193; ὦσαί [τινα] ἀφ' ἵππων 5.19; ἀφ' ἵππων χαμᾶζε ib. 835, etc.; so ὦσαι ἑωυτὸν ἐς τὸ πῦρ rush into the fire, Hdt. 7.167; ὠ. τινα ἐπὶ κεφαλήν throw him headlong down, Pl. R. 553b (Pass., ὠθέεσθαι ἐπὶ κ. Hdt. 7.136); ὠ. τινα ἐπὶ τράχηλον Luc. DMort. 27.1; πετρῶν ὦσαι κάτω E. Cyc. 448, cf. Pl. Phdr. 229c; εἰς λιθοτομίας D. 53.17: freq. of weapons, ὠ. ξίφος δἰ ἀμφοτέρων thrust it through both, Hdt. 3.78; τεκούσης ἐς σφαγὰς ὦσαι ξίφος E. Or. 291; διὰ μέσου αὐχένος ὠθεῖ σίδηρον Id. Ph. 1458; φάσγανον δἰ ἥπατος Id. Med. 379; ξίφος πρὸς ἧπαρ Id. Hel. 983; δαλοῦ κώπην ἔσω βλεφάρων Id. Cyc. 485 (anap.), cf. 636; ἐκ μηροῦ δόρυ ὦσε θύραζε forced it out from the thigh, Il. 5.694; τὸ ἱμάτιον ὦσαι εἰς τὸ στόμα stuff it into his mouth, Thphr. Char. 2.4: τὴν θύραν ὠθεῖ forces the door, Ar. V. 152, cf. Lys. 1.24; πύλας E. Or. 1562: sts. of other than human force, as of a stream, ὦσε δὲ νεκρούς Il. 21.235, cf. 241; of the wind, Νότος μέγα κῡμα ποτὶ.. ῥίον ὠθεῖ Od. 3.295; [ ὁ ποταμὸς] ὠθεῖ κῦμα Metagen. 6.3; ὠ. κολόκυμα Ar. Eq. 692: metaph., ἀ δ' ἀτέρα τὰν ἀτέραν κύλιξ ὠθήτω Alc. 41.

2. force back in battle, Il. 8.336, 13.193, etc.; ἄνδρας προτὶ ἄστυ 16.45; v. infr. 11.

3. thrust out, banish, ὠ. ἅπαντας τὸν ἀσεβῆ S. OT 1382; ἔξω δόμων τε καὶ πάτρας ὠθεῖν τινα A. Pr. 665; ἀπ' οἴκων S. OT 241; ἐκ δόμων E. Andr. 344; ἔξω τινὰ φυγάδα Pl. R. 560d; σπονδῶν ἄπο, ἀπὸ τῶν ἱερῶν, E. Ba. 46, Aeschin. 2.86; ὠ. τινας ἀθάπτους S. Aj. 1307: — Pass., ὠθούμεθ' ἔξω Id. Fr. 583.7.

4. metaph., ὠ. τὰ πρήγματα push matters on, hurry them, Hdt. 3.81; ἐπιθυμία ὠθεῖ ἐπὶ τὰς ἀπολαύσεις Arist. VV 1250a24.

5. abs., ὦσα παρέξ pushed off from land, Od. 9.488; ὤθει βιαίως E. Tr. 356, cf. X. HG 7.4.31; τὸ ὠθοῦν the motive power, Pl. Cra. 401d.

II Med., mostly in aor.,

1. thrust or push away from oneself, force back, esp. in battle, freq. in Il., ὄφρα τάχιστα ὤσαιτ' Ἀργείους 5.691; τείχεος ἂψ ὤσασθαι 12.420; ὤσασθαι προτὶ Ἴλιον, προτὶ ἄστυ, 8.295, 16.655; τὴν ἵππον ὤσαντο Hdt. 9.25, cf. 3.72, 6.37; ὤσασθαί τινας κατὰ βραχύ Th. 4.96; ὠσαμένων τὸ εὐώνυμον κέρας Id. 6.70, etc.; once in Trag., E. IT 326: of a horse, throw its rider, Thgn. 260 (s.v.l.).

2. intrans., push, press forward, Th. 4.11, 35, Plu. Ages. 32; ὠθεῖσθαι εἰς τὸ πρόσθεν X. HG 7.1.31; πρὸς τὴν πληγὴν ὁμόσε ὠθεῖσθαι Pl. Euthd. 294d; εἰς χεῖρας ὠθεῖσθαι τοῖς ἐναντίοις Plu. Thes. 5.

III Pass.,

1. to be thrust, pushed, or forced, rush or fall violently, ἐπὶ κεφαλήν Hdt. (v. supr. 1.1); πρὸς βίαν E. Hec. 406; βιᾳ Id. Med. 335, etc.; ἱδρῶτες ταχέως ὠθούμενοι Hp. Aph. 7.85.

2. Med., crowd, throng, jostle, X. Cyr. 3.3.64; ὠ. ὥσπερ ὕες Theoc. 15.73, cf. Arist. HA 572b25: impers. in Pass., ἐπὶ μέζον ὠθεῖται the crush gets worse, Herod. 4.54.