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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #2554 - חָמַס
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
1) to wrong, do violence to, treat violently, do wrongly
1a) (Qal) to treat violently, do wrong
1a1) of physical wrong
1a2) of ethical wrong
1a3) of physical and ethical wrong
1b) (Niphal) to be treated violently
- Book
- Word
2172) xmh (ההמס HhMS) AC: Shake CO: ? AB: Violence: [from: mh- shaking]
V) xmh (ההמס HhMS) - Shake: To shake someone or something violently. To do a wrong to another as a shaking. KJV (8): (vf: Paal, Niphal) violence, violate, shake, wrong, violent, take, bare - Strongs: H2554 (חָמַס)
Nm) xmh (ההמס HhMS) - Violence: A violent shaking. KJV (60): violence, violent, cruelty, wrong, false, cruel, damage, injustice, unrighteous - Strongs: H2555 (חָמָס)
im) xmht (תההמס THhMS) - Tahhmas: An unknown bird. KJV (2): hawk - Strongs: H8464 (תַּחְמָס)
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
is be hard, strict, rigorous) — Qal Perfect 3 plural חָֽמְסוּ Ezekiel 22:26; Zephaniah 3:4; Imperfect יַחְמֹס Job 15:33, וַיַּחְמֹס Lamentations 2:6; תַּחְמֹ֑סוּ Job 21:27; Jeremiah 22:3; Participle חֹמֵס Proverbs 8:36; — treat violently, wrong; —
1 of physical wrong: ׳תַּחְ Jeremiah 22:3 ("" תֹּנוּ) of wrong to widows and orphans; כַּגַּן שֻׂכּוֺ׳וַיַּח Lamentations 2:6 and hath done violence to his pavilion as to a garden ("" שִׁחֵת מֹעֲדוֺ); Song of Solomon , figurative, of vine, wrong, i.e. fail to nourish, kill כַּגֶּפֶן׳יַח בִּסְרוֺ Job 15:33.
2 of ethical wrong, object תּוֺרָה Zephaniah 3:4; Exodus 22:26 (both "" חִלֵּל קֹדֶשׁ); compare מְזִמּוֺת עָלֵיתַּחְמֹ֑סוּ Job 21:27 the devices (wherewith) ye do me violence.
3 both physical and ethical חֹטְאִיחֹמֵס נַפְשׁוֺ Proverbs 8:36.
Niph`al Perfect 3 plural נֶחְמְסוּ Jeremiah 13:22 thy heels suffer violence ("" נִגְלוּ שׁוּלַיִךְ).
חָמַס fut. יַחֲמֹס
(1) to treat violently, to oppress violently, to injure, properly to be eager, vehement, hence to be violent, i.q. חָמֵץ No. 3, a. (Arabic حَمِسَ in a good sense, to be bold, manly, stedfast, حَمَاسَةُ martial valour, comp. שָׁדַד. Nor does חָמַץ to be sharp, eager, differ much from this word; and this meaning may also be its primary signification, and hence, vehement, fervid, comp. חָמַץ No. 4.) Jeremiah 22:3; Proverbs 8:36, “he who sins against me, חֹמֵס נַפְשׁוֹ hurts (or does violence to) his own life.” Job 21:27, מְזִמּוֹת עָלַי תַּחְמֹסוּ “counsels with which you wish to oppress me;” die Pläne, wie ihr mich fchlagen wollt. חָמַס תּוֹרָה to violate the law, Ezekiel 22:26; Zephaniah 3:4.
(2) to tear away violently (a covering or shelter). Lamentations 2:6, to tear off from oneself. Job 15:33, יַחְמֹס כַּגֶּפֶן בִּסְרוֹ “as a vine, he shall shake off from himself,” i.e. throw down his unripe grapes.
Niphal, to be treated with violence, Jeremiah 13:22 in this passage (as is shewn by the other member of the sentence) “to be violently made naked.”
Hence תַּחְמָס and
