There is a threefold giving of the law. First, orally, in Exodus 20:1-17. This was pure law, with no provision of priesthood and sacrifice for failure, and was accompanied by the "judgments" ; Exodus 21:1-13; relating to the relations of Hebrew with Hebrew; to which were added Exodus 23:14-19 directions for keeping three annual feasts, and Exodus 23:20-33 instructions for the conquest of Canaan. These words Moses communicated to the people. Exodus 24:3-8. Immediately, in the persons of their elders, they were admitted to the fellowship of God. Exodus 24:9-11.
Second, Moses was then called up to receive the tables of stone. Exodus 24:12-18. The story then divides. Moses, in the mount, receives the gracious instructions concerning the tabernacle, priesthood, and sacrifice (Ex 25.-31.) Meantime (Exodus 32:0.), the people, led by Aaron, break the first commandment. Moses, returning, breaks the tables "written with the finger of God." ; Exodus 31:18; Exodus 32:16-19.
Third, the second tables were made by Moses, and the law again written by the hand of Jehovah Exodus 34:1; Exodus 34:28; Exodus 34:29; Deuteronomy 10:4.
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Bibliographical Information Scofield, C. I. "Scofield Reference Notes on Exodus 20". "Scofield Reference Notes (1917 Edition)". https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/eng/srn/exodus-20.html. 1917.
Verse 4
shalt not make
There is a threefold giving of the law. First, orally, in Exodus 20:1-17. This was pure law, with no provision of priesthood and sacrifice for failure, and was accompanied by the "judgments" ; Exodus 21:1-13; relating to the relations of Hebrew with Hebrew; to which were added Exodus 23:14-19 directions for keeping three annual feasts, and Exodus 23:20-33 instructions for the conquest of Canaan. These words Moses communicated to the people. Exodus 24:3-8. Immediately, in the persons of their elders, they were admitted to the fellowship of God. Exodus 24:9-11.
Second, Moses was then called up to receive the tables of stone. Exodus 24:12-18. The story then divides. Moses, in the mount, receives the gracious instructions concerning the tabernacle, priesthood, and sacrifice (Ex 25.-31.) Meantime (Exodus 32:0.), the people, led by Aaron, break the first commandment. Moses, returning, breaks the tables "written with the finger of God." ; Exodus 31:18; Exodus 32:16-19.
Third, the second tables were made by Moses, and the law again written by the hand of Jehovah Exodus 34:1; Exodus 34:28; Exodus 34:29; Deuteronomy 10:4.
Verse 18
afar off
For contrast between law and grace, cf. Ephesians 2:13; Luke 1:10 with Hebrews 10:19-22.
Verse 20
fear
(See Scofield " :-") .