Bible Encyclopedias
Suffering

International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

suf´ẽr - ing : A great variety of Hebrew and Greek expressions, too large to be here enumerated, have been translated by "suffering" and other forms derived from the same verb. The most obvious meanings of the word are the following: (1) The commonest meaning perhaps in the English Versions of the Bible is "to permit," "to allow," "to give leave to": "Moses suffered to write a bill of divorcement, and to put her away" ( Mark 10:4 ). (2) "To experience," "to go through,"' "to endure": "I have suffered many things this day in a dream because of him" (Matthew 27:19 ). A woman "had suffered many things of many physicians" (Mark 5:26 ). Other common phrases are "to suffer affliction" (1 Thessalonians 3:4; Hebrews 11:25 , the Revised Version (British and American) "share ill-treatment"), "to suffer hardship" (2 Timothy 2:9 ), "to suffer adversity" (Hebrews 13:3 the King James Version, the Revised Version (British and American) "to be ill-treated"), "to suffer dishonor" (the King James Version "shame," Acts 5:41 ), "to suffer violence," (Matthew 11:12 ), "to suffer wrong" (Acts 7:24 ), "to suffer terror" (Psalm 88:15 ), "to suffer shipwreck" (2 Corinthians 11:25 ), "to suffer hunger" (Psalm 34:10; Proverbs 19:15 ), "to suffer thirst" (Job 24:11 ). (3) "To put up with," "to tolerate": the King James Version, "For ye suffer fools gladly (the Revised Version (British and American) "ye bear with the foolish gladly"), seeing ye yourselves are wise" (2 Corinthians 11:1 , 2 Corinthians 11:9 ). (4) "To undergo punishment": "Think ye that these Galileans were sinners above all the Galileans, because they have suffered these things?" (Luke 13:2 ). (5) "To sustain loss": "If any man's work shall be burned, he shall suffer loss" (1 Corinthians 3:15; also Philippians 3:8 ). (6) "To suffer death." Here the clearest references are to the suffering or passion of Christ, which indeed includes the enduring of untold hardships and affliction, all of which culminate in His vicarious death for man (Matthew 16:21; Mark 8:31; Mark 9:12; Luke 9:22; Luke 17:25; Luke 22:15; Luke 24:26 , Luke 24:46; Acts 3:18; Acts 17:3; Acts 26:23; 1 Peter 3:18 ).

Suffering belongs to the discipline of all Christ's followers (Romans 8:17; 2 Corinthians 1:7; Galatians 3:4; Philippians 3:10; 1 Thessalonians 2:2; 2 Thessalonians 1:5; 2 Timothy 2:12; 2 Timothy 3:12; James 5:10; 1 Peter 2:20 f; 1 Peter 3:14 , 1 Peter 3:17; 1 Peter 4:1 , 1 Peter 4:13 , 1 Peter 4:16; 1 Peter 5:10 ). Such suffering is called a suffering for God's or Christ's sake (Jeremiah 15:15; Acts 9:16; Philippians 1:29; 2 Timothy 1:12 ). This fellowship in suffering unites us with the saints of God in all times (James 5:10 ), and is indeed a fellowship with the Lord Himself (Philippians 3:10 ), who uses this discipline to mold us more and more according to His character.