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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #899 - βάθος
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- depth, height
- of "the deep" sea
- metaph.
- deep, extreme, poverty
- of the deep things of God
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
βάθος [ ᾰ], εος, τό, (βαθύς)
1. depth or height, acc. as measured up or down, Ταρτάρου βάθη A. Pr. 1029; αἰθέρος βάθος E. Med. 1297, cf. Ar. Av. 1715; βάθους μετέχειν to be a solid, possessing depth as well as length and breadth, Pl. R. 528b; εἴτ' ἐν βάθεσιν εἴτ' ἐν τάχεσιν Id. Plt. 299e; βάθους αὔξη Id. R. 528d; opp. μῆκος, πλάτος, Arist. Ph. 209a5; μεγέθους τὸ ἐπὶ τρία [συνεχὲς] β. Id. Metaph. 1020a12: with Preps., ἐκ βάθεος in depth, Hdt. 1.186; ἐκ βάθους through and through, Plot. 5.8.10; εἰς βάθος Arist. Mete. 386a23, al.; ἐν βάθει Id. Sens. 440a14, etc.; κατὰ βάθους Id. Mete. 339b12; κατὰ βάθος in a descending scale, metaph. of causation, Dam. Pr. 95: freq. in military sense, depth of a line of battle, X. HG 3.4.13, etc.; ἐπὶ βάθος τάσσεσθαι in depth of line, Th. 5.68; ἐς β. ἐκτάξαι Arr. An. 1.2.4; β. τριχῶν, of long thick hair, Hdt. 5.9; ἄτομα πώγωνος βάθη Ephipp. 14.7; interior of a country, Str. 3.3.7, al.; depth, of perspective in a picture, Procop.Gaz. Ecphr. p.157 B.: pl., βάθη depths, Pl. Ti. 44d, etc.; deep water, opp. shallows near shore, LXX Psalms 68:2(69).2, al., Luke 5:4; ἐν τοῖς βάθεσιν Arist. HA 599b9. Astron., = ταπείνωμα, Vett.Val. 241.26.
2. metaph., κακῶν ὁρῶν β. A. Pers. 465; ἢ μακροῦ πλούτου βάθει S. Aj. 130, cf..Romans 11:33; β. ἡγεμονίας Plu. Pomp. 53; depth of mind, β. τι ἔχειν γενναῖον, of Parmenides, Pl. Tht. 184a; ἐν βάθει πόσιος deep in drink, Theoc. 14.29; β. καρδίας ἀνθρώπου LXX Ju. 8.14; τὰ β. τοῦ θεοῦ, τοῦ Σατανᾶ, 1 Corinthians 2:10, Revelation 2:24.
3. of lit. style, bathos, ὕψους ἢ β. Longin. 2.1. (Substituted for βένθος under the influence of βαθύς.)
βάθος, βαθέος (βάθους), τό (connected with the obsolete verb βάζω, βάω (but cf. Curtius, § 635; Vanicek, p. 195); cf. βαθύς, βάσσων, and ὁ βυθός, ὁ βύσσος; German Boden), depth, height — (accusative, as measured down or up);
1. properly: Matthew 13:5; Mark 4:5; Romans 8:39 (opposed to ὕψωμα); Ephesians 3:18 (opposed to ὕψος); of 'the deep' sea (the 'high seas'), Luke 5:4
2. metaphorically: ἡ κατά βάθους πτωχεία αὐτῶν, deep, extreme, poverty, 2 Corinthians 8:2; τά βάθη τοῦ Θεοῦ the deep things of God, things hidden and above man's scrutiny, especially the divine counsels, 1 Corinthians 2:10 (τοῦ Σατανᾶ, Revelation 2:24 Rec.; καρδίας ἀνθρώπου, Judith 8:14; (τά βαθα τῆς θείας γνώσεως, Clement of Rome, 1 Cor. 40, 1 [ET] (cf. Lightfoot at the passage))); inexhaustible abundance, immense amount, πλούτου, Romans 11:33 (so also Sophocles Aj. 130; βαθύς πλοῦτος, Aelian v. h. 3, 18; κακῶν (Aeschylus Pers. 465, 712); Euripides, Hel. 303; the Sept. Proverbs 18:3).
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βάθος , -εος (-ους ), τό ,
[in LXX for H8482, H4688 etc.;]
depth: Matthew 13:5, Mark 4:5, Romans 8:39, Ephesians 3:18; τὸ β ., the deep sea: Luke 5:4; metaph., β . πλούτου . . . Θεοῦ , Romans 11:33; τὰ β . τ . Θεοῦ (the Divine counsels), 1 Corinthians 2:10; ἡ κατὰ βάθους πτωχεία , deep poverty, 2 Corinthians 8:2.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
The literal meaning is illustrated by P Fay 110.8 (A.D. 94) σκάψον ἐπὶ βάθος , ";dig a deep trench"; : cf. BGU II. 647.13, .25 (A.D. 130) ἐπὶ βάθους , ib. IV. 1122.16 (B.C. 14) . . .] ε ̣̀χο ̣ν ̣ τὸ καθῆκον βάθος , of the setting of plants in trenches in a garden—cf. Mark 4:5. The ordinary use in connexion with πλάτος is seen, e.g., in measurements for excavations in the construction of a canal, P Giss I. 42 (A.D. 117) passim, as .5 βο (ρρᾶ ) ἐχόμ (ενα ) σχοι (νία ) δ ̄ ξύλ (α ) ρ ̣̄κ ̣̄[̄η ̄]̄, πλ (άτος ) γ ̄, βάθ (ος ) ε ̄, ν (αύβια ) ξδ ̄. Herwerden Lex. s.v. cites Papiers du Louvre (ed. Letronne) 64 (ii/B.C.) μή σ᾽ ἐπὶ βάθος (= παντελῶς ?) τοῦτο πεποηκέναι . The astrological use of β . to denote the space below the horizon out of which the stars rise (e.g. Dieterich Mithrasliturgie, p. 8.5, ἐγώ εἰμι σύμπλανος ὑμῖν ἀστὴρ καὶ ἐκ τοῦ βάθους ἀναλάμπων ) may throw some light on Romans 8:39 (see Lietzmann in HZNT ad loc). For the true ";Greek"; character of the Pauline phraseology in Romans 11:33 ὦ βάθος πλούτου κτλ ., see Norden Agnostos Theos, p. 243 f.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
