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Thursday, April 18th, 2024
the Third Week after Easter

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Bible Lexicons

Old Testament Hebrew Lexical DictionaryHebrew Lexicon

Strong's #2398 - חָטָא

Transliteration

châṭâʼ

Phonetics

khaw-taw'

Root Word (Etymology)

a primitive root

Parts of Speech

Verb

TWOT

638

Definition

Brown-Driver-Briggs
Strong

Brown-Driver-Briggs'

1) to sin, miss, miss the way, go wrong, incur guilt, forfeit, purify from uncleanness

1a) (Qal)

1a1) to miss

1a2) to sin, miss the goal or path of right and duty

1a3) to incur guilt, incur penalty by sin, forfeit

1b) (Piel)

1b1) to bear loss

1b2) to make a sin-offering

1b3) to purify from sin

1b4) to purify from uncleanness

1c) (Hiphil)

1c1) to miss the mark

1c2) to induce to sin, cause to sin

1c3) to bring into guilt or condemnation or punishment

1d) (Hithpael)

1d1) to miss oneself, lose oneself, wander from the way

1d2) to purify oneself from uncleanness

Greek Equivalent Words:

Strong #: 25 ‑ ἀγαπάω (ag‑ap‑ah'‑o); 91 ‑ ἀδικέω (ad‑ee‑keh'‑o); 266 ‑ ἁμαρτία (ham‑ar‑tee'‑ah); 268 ‑ ἁμαρτωλός (ham‑ar‑to‑los'); 765 ‑ ἀσεβής (as‑eb‑ace'); 4160 ‑ ποιέω (poy‑eh'‑o); 48 ‑ ἁγνίζω (hag‑nid'‑zo); 1578 ‑ ἐκκλίνω (ek‑klee'‑no); 3392 ‑ μιαίνω (me‑ah'ee‑no); 399 ‑ ἀναφέρω (an‑af‑er'‑o); 2511 ‑ καθαρίζω (kath‑ar‑id'‑zo); 4472 ‑ ῥαντίζω (hran‑tid'‑zo); 264 ‑ ἁμαρτάνω (ham‑ar‑tan'‑o);

Frequency Lists

Book
Word

Verse Results

KJV (238)

Genesis 8

Exodus 10

Leviticus 30

Numbers 18

Deuteronomy 6

Joshua 2

Judges 4

1 Samuel 14

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 23

2 Kings 18

1 Chronicles 2

2 Chronicles 8

Nehemiah 6

Job 12

Psalms 9

Proverbs 6

Ecclesiastes 7

Isaiah 6

Jeremiah 14

Lamentations 3

Ezekiel 16

Daniel 4

Hosea 5

Micah 1

Habakkuk 1

Zephaniah 1

NAS (252)

Genesis 11

Exodus 10

Leviticus 32

Numbers 22

Deuteronomy 7

Joshua 2

Judges 4

1 Samuel 14

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 24

2 Kings 19

1 Chronicles 2

2 Chronicles 8

Nehemiah 5

Job 13

Psalms 9

Proverbs 6

Ecclesiastes 7

Isaiah 6

Jeremiah 14

Lamentations 3

Ezekiel 17

Daniel 4

Hosea 6

Micah 1

Habakkuk 1

Zephaniah 1

HCS (235)

Genesis 8

Exodus 10

Leviticus 29

Numbers 17

Deuteronomy 6

Joshua 2

Judges 4

1 Samuel 14

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 23

2 Kings 18

1 Chronicles 2

2 Chronicles 8

Nehemiah 6

Job 12

Psalms 9

Proverbs 6

Ecclesiastes 7

Isaiah 6

Jeremiah 14

Lamentations 3

Ezekiel 15

Daniel 4

Hosea 5

Micah 1

Habakkuk 1

Zephaniah 1

BSB (238)

Genesis 8

Exodus 10

Leviticus 30

Numbers 18

Deuteronomy 6

Joshua 2

Judges 4

1 Samuel 14

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 23

2 Kings 18

1 Chronicles 2

2 Chronicles 8

Nehemiah 6

Job 12

Psalms 9

Proverbs 6

Ecclesiastes 7

Isaiah 6

Jeremiah 14

Lamentations 3

Ezekiel 16

Daniel 4

Hosea 5

Micah 1

Habakkuk 1

Zephaniah 1

ESV (228)

Genesis 8

Leviticus 32

Numbers 18

Deuteronomy 6

Joshua 2

Judges 4

1 Samuel 14

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 23

2 Kings 18

1 Chronicles 2

2 Chronicles 8

Nehemiah 6

Job 11

Psalms 8

Proverbs 6

Ecclesiastes 7

Isaiah 6

Jeremiah 14

Lamentations 3

Ezekiel 16

Daniel 4

Hosea 5

Micah 1

Habakkuk 1

Zephaniah 1

WEB (237)

Genesis 8

Exodus 10

Leviticus 28

Numbers 18

Deuteronomy 6

Joshua 2

Judges 4

1 Samuel 14

2 Samuel 4

1 Kings 23

2 Kings 18

1 Chronicles 2

2 Chronicles 8

Nehemiah 6

Job 12

Psalms 9

Proverbs 6

Ecclesiastes 7

Isaiah 7

Jeremiah 14

Lamentations 3

Ezekiel 16

Daniel 4

Hosea 5

Micah 1

Habakkuk 1

Zephaniah 1

KJV (238)

Purge 1

blame 2

cleanse 7

cleansing 1

committed 6

done 2

fault 1

harm 1

loss 1

miss 1

offended 4

offender 1

purified 3

purifieth 1

purify 7

reconciliation 1

sin 70

sinful 1

sinned 102

sinner 8

sinnest 1

sinneth 13

sinning 2

trespass 1

NAS (252)

Purify 1

bear 2

bewildered 1

blame 2

bore 1

bring 1

cleanse 5

cleansed 1

cleansing 1

commit 2

commits 1

committed 22

done 1

errs 1

fault 1

fear 1

forfeits 1

indicted 1

loss 2

miss 1

offended 1

offered 1

offers 1

purged 1

purified 3

purify 8

reach 1

sin 61

sinful 1

sinned 87

sinner 7

sinning 4

sins 23

uncleanness 3

wrong 1

HCS (235)

BSB (238)

* 2

After he purifies 1

And he shall cleanse 1

And purify 1

I have done wrong 1

I have sinned 11

I have sinned against You 1

I sinned 1

If I have sinned 1

O sinful 1

Purify 2

They sinned 1

We have sinned 10

[Your people] have sinned 2

[and] cause you to sin 1

a sinner 1

amiss 1

and caused them to commit 1

and he who fails 1

and offered it for sin 1

and purify 1

and sin 1

and sinned 1

and sinning 1

and sins 1

and the sinner 1

and you sinned 1

are sinning 1

bear the guilt 1

bear the guilt before you 1

bore the loss myself 1

bring sin 1

but he who fails to find me 1

but the fault 1

but the sinner 1

but the sinner's 1

but to the sinner 1

commit 1

committed 1

drew him into sin 1

for a sin offering 1

for his sin 1

for sin 1

for sinning 1

for we sinned 1

forfeits 1

from sinning against Me 1

had committed 2

had sinned 1

has committed 1

has sinned 3

have I sinned 4

have committed 3

have sinned 6

he committed 1

he had committed 1

he has committed 12

he has harmed 1

he has sinned 2

he may have committed 1

he sinned 1

he sins 1

is to be cleansed 1

it must still be purified 1

misses the mark 1

missing 1

must purify himself with the water 1

offended 1

or if he commits any such sin 1

purified 1

purify 3

purifying 1

she has sinned 1

should sin 1

sin 10

sin against You 1

sinned 7

sinned against Him 1

sinned against You 1

sinner 1

sins 14

sins unintentionally 1

so it is for the sinner 1

so that I will not sin 1

so that I would sin 1

steals those who have sinned 1

the more they sinned 1

the purification 1

the sin he has committed 1

they cause you to sin against Me 1

they committed 1

they have committed 2

they have committed against Me 1

they have sinned 2

they have sinned against You 2

they kept on sinning 1

they sin 3

they sinned 1

they withdraw 1

those who indict 1

thus you will cleanse 1

to commit 19

to purify 1

to sin 9

to sin against 1

to sin against Him 1

we have committed 1

we have sinned 8

we have sinned against You 1

who offers 1

who sins 3

would you sin 1

you [people] have sinned 1

you are to purify 1

you from sinning 1

you had committed 1

you had sinned 1

you have sinned 1

you sin 1

ESV (228)

Purge 1

a sinner 1

beside 1

blame 2

cleanse 6

cleansing 1

committed 23

committed an offense 1

done 1

done amiss 1

done wrong 1

fails 1

forfeited 1

forfeits 1

loss 1

made them commit 1

miss 2

offender 1

offers 1

purified 4

purify 4

purifying 1

sin 59

sin offering 1

sinful 1

sinned 78

sinner 6

sinner a 1

sinner's 1

sinning 4

sins 19

way 1

WEB (237)

* 34

But he who sins 1

For all this they still sinned 1

He shall cleanse 1

I have offended 1

I have sinned 8

I therefore have not sinned 1

If I have sinned 1

If they sin 2

If you have sinned 1

It is even I who have sinned 1

Now they sin 1

Purify 1

Though a sinner 1

To cleanse 1

We have been in sin 1

We have sinned 4

When you have finished cleansing 1

Wherein have I sinned 2

Why then will you sin 1

You have sinned 1

also to sin 1

and I have not sinned 1

and because you have sinned 1

and have sinned 1

and he does not sin 1

and in which we have sinned 1

and made them sin 1

and missing the way 1

and not miss 1

and purified 1

and shall miss nothing 1

and shall not purify 1

and sin 2

and the sinner 2

and they shall cleanse 1

and we sinned 1

and you have sinned 1

and you shall cleanse 2

are sinning 1

as they cleansed 1

be it from me that I should sin 1

because I have sinned 1

because he has not sinned 1

because they have sinned 6

because we have sinned 1

because we have sinned against you 1

because you have sinned 1

before his thrashing 1

but sinned 1

but the fault 1

but to the sinner 1

by which they have sinned 2

committed 1

did not sin 1

for I have sinned against you 1

for she has sinned 1

for sinning 2

for that in which he has sinned 1

for that which he has done wrong 1

for we have sinned 1

for we have sinned against you 1

forfeits 1

had sinned 1

has sinned 2

have sinned 4

he shall purify 1

he sinned 2

if I sin 1

in which he has sinned 1

in which they have sinned 1

into sin 1

lest they make you sin 1

nevertheless it shall be purified 1

not sin 1

of the sinner 1

offended 1

purified 1

purify 1

sin 6

sinful 1

sinned 4

sinner 1

sinning 1

sins 11

so is the sinner 1

so they sinned 1

so would you sin 1

that I have sinned 1

that I might not sin against you 1

that he has committed 1

that he has sinned 3

that he sinned 1

that he sins 2

that in which he has sinned 1

that we have committed 1

the same shall purify 1

then let me bear the blame forever 1

those who have sinned 1

thus you shall cleanse 1

to be indicted 1

to sin 27

we have sinned 3

we have sinned against you 1

went on to sin 1

when he sins 1

which he has committed 2

which he has sinned 6

which he sinned 2

which they committed 1

which they sinned 1

which we have sinned 1

which you sinned 1

who have sinned 1

who have sinned against you 1

who offers it for sin 1

who sins 2

you from sinning 1

you have sinned 1

you shall purify yourselves 1

Ancient Hebrew Lexicon Definitions

1170) u h (ההתה HhTh) AC: Measure CO: Cord AB: Miss: Cords are used for binding as well as measuring. A cord is also used as measuring device by placing knots incrementally. The cord is stretched between the two points to measure and the knots are counted.

A) u h (ההתה HhTh) AC: Measure CO: ? AB: Sin: When shooting an arrow or other object to a target, the distance that one misses is measured with a cord. The wrong actions of one are also measured against the correct action.

f^m) i u h (ההתהי HhThY) - Sin: [Aramaic only] KJV (1): sin - Strongs: H2408 (חֲטָי)

E) a u h (ההתהא HhThA) AC: Measure CO: ? AB: Sin: When shooting an arrow or other object to a target, the distance that one misses is measured with a cord. The wrong actions of one are also measured against the correct action.

V) a u h (ההתהא HhThA) - Miss: To miss the target, whether a literal target or a goal that is aimed for. KJV (238): (vf: Paal, Hiphil, Hitpael, Piel) sin, purify, cleanse, sinner, committed, offended, blame, done - Strongs: H2398 (חָטָא)

N^m) a u h (ההתהא HhThA) - Sin: A missing of the target. Also a sinner as one who misses the mark. KJV (51): sinner, sinful, offender, sin, faults, grievously, offences - Strongs: H2399 (חֵטְא), H2400 (חַטָּא)

N^f1) e a u h (ההתהאה HhThAH) - Sin: A missing of the target. Also the sin offering which by transference becomes the sin. [Hebrew and Aramaic] [df: tajx] KJV (305): sin, sin offering, punishment, purifying - Strongs: H2401 (חֲטָאָה), H2402 (חַטָּאָה), H2403 (חַטָּאָה)

b^f ) a i u h (ההתהיא HhThYA) - Sin: The sin offering which by transference becomes the sin. [Aramaic only] KJV (1): sin offering - Strongs: H2409 (חַטָּיָא)

J) u f h (ההותה HhWTh) AC: Join CO: Cord AB: ?

V) u f h (ההותה HhWTh) - Join: A tying with a cord. [Aramaic only] KJV (1): (vf: Participle) join - Strongs: H2338 (חוּט)

N^m) u f h (ההותה HhWTh) - Cord: KJV (7): thread, line, cord, fillet - Strongs: H2339 (חוּט)

Adopted Roots:

A2155 M u h (Refrain)
A2156 P u h (Catch)
A2162 U l h (Catch)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Expanded Definition

חָטָא₂₃₈ verb miss (a goal or way), go wrong, sin (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic חֲטָא

Assyrian —a‰û. Zim^{BP 46}; Sabean חֿטא, החֿטא id., DHM in MV; Arabic

do wrong, commit a mistake or an error; II. make to miss the mark; IV. miss the Mark , miss the way; Ethiopic

fail to find or have; sometimes sin, especially in derivatives) —

Qal Perfect ׳ח Exodus 32:31 + 29: t., 3 feminine singular חָֽטְאָה Leviticus 5:15; Lamentations 1:8, חָטָֽאָה Jeremiah 50:14; Ezekiel 16:15, חָטָאת Exodus 5:16, etc., + 82t. Perfect; Imperfect יֶחֱטָא Leviticus 4:3 12t., תֶּחֱטָ֫אוּ Exodus 20:20; Psalm 4:5, etc. + 20t. Imperfect; Infinitive חֲטֹא Ezekiel 3:21 8t., מֵחֲטוֺא Psalm 39:2, מֵחֲטוֺ (text error for מחטא) Genesis 20:6, בְּחֶטְאָה Numbers 15:28, חֲטאֹתוֺ Ezekiel 33:12 (strike out Co); Participle חוֺטֵא Proverbs 13:22 6t., חֹטֵא Isaiah 1:4; Ecclesiastes 9:2, חוֺטֶא Isaiah 65:20 2t., חֹטֶא Ecclesiastes 8:12, suffix חֹטְאִי Proverbs 8:36, plural חֹטִ֯אֿים 1 Samuel 14:33, suffix חֹטֵאת Ezekiel 18:4,20; —

1 miss: לא תחטא thou shalt not miss anything Job 5:24, אָץ בְּרַגְּלַיִם חוֺטֵא Proverbs 19:2 one hastening with his feet misseth (the way or the goal); חֹטְאִי חֹמֵסנַפְשׁוֺ Proverbs 8:36 the one missing me (Wisdom) is one wronging himself (opposed to מֹצְאִי); miss, i.e. endanger, one's life Proverbs 20:2; Habakkuk 2:10 according to De VB (others below 3 q. v.)

2 sin, miss the goal or path of right and duty:

a. against man, absolute Exodus 5:16 (E), 1 Samuel 26:21; 2 Samuel 19:21; 1 Kings 18:9; 2 Kings 18:14; with לְ of the person against whom or towards whom one sins, Genesis 40:1 (E), Judges 11:27; 1 Samuel 2:25; 1 Samuel 19:4; 1 Samuel 24:12,1Kings 8:31 2 Chronicles 6:22; מה חטאתי לך wherein have I sinned against thee ? Genesis 20:9 (E) Jeremiah 37:18; with בְּ, אל תחטאו בילד Genesis 42:22 (E) do not sin against the lad, against David 1 Samuel 19:4,5.

b. elsewhere always against God, absolute Exodus 20:20 (E), Exodus 9:34 (J) Joshua 7:11 (D) Leviticus 4:3; Leviticus 5:1,11,17 (twice in verse); Leviticus 5:21; Leviticus 5:23; Numbers 16:22 (P), Nehemiah 6:13; Job 1:5,22; Job 7:20; Job 10:14; Job 24:19; Job 35:6; Psalm 4:5; Psalm 78:32; Isaiah 43:27; Isaiah 64:4; Jeremiah 2:35; Lamentations 5:7; Ezekiel 3:21 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 16:51; Ezekiel 28:16; Ezekiel 33:12; Hosea 8:11 (strike out We^{Kl. Proph}.) Hosea 8:11; Hosea 10:9; Hosea 13:2; לא נתתי לחטא חכי I have not permitted my palate to sin Job 31:30; Participle חֹטֵא, used as adjective, sinful nation Isaiah 1:4; sinful person Ezekiel 18:4,20; but usually as noun, sinner Proverbs 11:31; Proverbs 13:22; Proverbs 14:21; Ecclesiastes 2:26; Ecclesiastes 7:26; Ecclesiastes 8:12; Ecclesiastes 9:2,18; Isaiah 65:20. Sin is confessed: חָטָאנוּ we have sinned Numbers 14:40; Numbers 21:7 (E) Judges 10:15; 1 Samuel 12:10; 1 Kings 8:47 2 Chronicles 6:37; Nehemiah 1:6; Psalm 106:6; Lamentations 5:16; Daniel 9:5,15; חטאתי I have sinned Exodus 9:27; Numbers 22:34 (J) 1 Samuel 15:24,30; 2 Samuel 24:10,17; 1 Chronicles 21:8,17; Job 33:27. Sin is universal: אין אדם אשׁרלא יחטא there is no man who sinneth not 1 Kings 8:46 2 Chronicles 6:36, כי אדם אין צדיק בארץ אשׁר יעשׂה טובולא יחטא Ecclesiastes 7:20 for man there is none righteous in the earth who doeth good and sinneth not; with לְ, against God Genesis 20:6 (E), Genesis 39:9 (J), Exodus 32:33; Numbers 32:33 (both J E), Deuteronomy 9:16; Deuteronomy 20:18; 1 Samuel 2:25; 1 Samuel 12:23; 1 Samuel 14:33,34; 1 Kings 8:33,35,46,50 2 Chronicles 6:24,26,36,39; 2 Kings 17:7; Hosea 4:7; Micah 7:9; Zephaniah 1:17; Jeremiah 40:3; Jeremiah 44:23; Jeremiah 50:7,14; Ezekiel 14:13; Isaiah 42:24; Job 8:4; Psalm 78:17; Psalm 119:11; Nehemiah 1:6; in confession חטאתי ל Exodus 10:16; Joshua 7:20 (J), 2 Samuel 12:13 Psalm 41:5; Psalm 51:6; חטאנו ל Deuteronomy 1:41; Judges 10:10; 1 Samuel 7:6; Jeremiah 3:25; Jeremiah 8:14; Jeremiah 14:7,20; Daniel 9:8,11; with בְּ of instrument, lips Job 2:10, tongue Psalm 39:2; wherein Ezekiel 37:23; Leviticus 4:23 (P), therein Leviticus 5:22 (P); ellipsis of בְּ in pharse לי׳עונם אשׁר ח ( their) iniquity wherein they sinned against me Jeremiah 33:8 (twice in verse); בשׁגגה by error, unwittingly Leviticus 4:2,22,27; Leviticus 5:15; Numbers 15:27,28 (all P); against thy judgements Nehemiah 9:29; with עַל with regard to Leviticus 5:5; Numbers 6:11(P) Nehemiah 13:26; with cognate accusative חֲטָאָה׳ח Exodus 32:30,31 (JE); חַטָּאת׳אשׁר ח Numbers 12:11(J) Leviticus 4:3,28 (twice in verse); Leviticus 4:35; Leviticus 5:6,10,13 (all P) Leviticus 19:22 (twice in verse) (H), Deuteronomy 9:18; 1 Kings 14:16,22; 1 Kings 15:30; 1 Kings 16:13,19; 2 Kings 21:17; Ezekiel 18:24; Ezekiel 33:16; ל׳חטאת אשׁר ח Jeremiah 16:10; Nehemiah 1:6; על׳חטאת אשׁר ח Leviticus 4:14 (P); ׳חֵטְא ח Lamentations 1:8; חֵטְא׳אשׁר ח Deuteronomy 19:15.

3 incur guilt, penalty by sin, forfeit: וחטאתי לך כל הימים Genesis 43:9 I shall incur the blame of sinning against thee all my days, compare Genesis 44:32 (J); with accusative חוֺטֵא נפשׁ for feiting oneself, one's life Proverbs 20:2; Habakkuk 2:10 according to most, yet see below

1 — ׳והביא אשׁמו אשׁר ח Leviticus 5:7 he shall bring his trespass-offering which he has incurred by sin; ׳קרבנו אשׁר ח Leviticus 5:11; מןהֿקדשׁ׳את אשׁר ח ישׁלּם Leviticus 5:16 what he hath incurred by taking of the holy thing he shall pay.

Pi`el Perfect חִטֵּא Leviticus 14:52; suffix חִטְּאוֺ Numbers 19:19, חִטֵּאתָ Exodus 29:36 2t.; 3 plural חִטְּאוּ Ezekiel 43:22 (twice in verse); Imperfect יַיְחַטֵּא Leviticus 8:15; suffix וַיְהַטְּאֵהוּ Leviticus 9:15, תְּחַטְּאֵנִי Psalm 51:9, אֲחַטֶּנָּה Genesis 31:39, וַיְחַטְּאוּ 2 Chronicles 29:24; Infinitive חַטֵּא Leviticus 14:49; Ezekiel 43:23; Participle הִמְחַטֵּא Leviticus 6:19; —

1 bear loss: אָנֹכִי אֲחַטֶּנָּה I bare the loss of it Genesis 31:39 (E; lit I let it be missing ? possibly read אֲחֻטּנה I was made to miss it ?).

2 make a sin-offering: with suffix referring to שׁעיר Leviticus 9:15 (P); to sin-offering Leviticus 6:19 (P); על המזבח upon the altar Exodus 29:36 (P; not cleanse the altar RV); את דמם המזבחה׳ח 2 Chronicles 29:24 made a sin-offering with their blood on the altar.

3 purity from sin: the altar, by putting the blood of the sin-offering on its horns, Leviticus 8:15 (P), Ezekiel 43:20,22 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 43:23; the sanctuary, by applying to it the blood of the sin-offering Ezekiel 45:18.

4 purity from uncleanness: the house of the leper by application of the mixture of living water and blood of the bird Leviticus 14:49,52 (P); a person, by application of then mixture of living water and ashes of the red heifer Numbers 19:19 (P), by sprinkling with a hyssop spring Psalm 51:9.

Hiph`il Perfect הֶחֱטִיא 1 Kings 14:16 17t., הֶחֶטִ֯י (Kt error for החטִיא) 2 Kings 13:6; suffix הֶחֱטִיאָם 2 Kings 17:21; plural הֶחֱטִיאוּ 1 Kings 16:13; Nehemiah 13:26; Imperfect יַחֲטִא Judges 20:16; 2 Kings 21:11; תַּחֲטִיא Deuteronomy 24:4; וַתַּחֲטִא 1 Kings 16:2; 1 Kings 21:22; plural יַחֲטִיאוּ Exodus 23:33; Infinitive הַחֲטִיא Ecclesiastes 5:5; 1 Kings 16:19; Jeremiah 32:35 (Qr), הַחֲ֯טִי Jeremiah 32:35 (Kt error); Participle plural construct מַחֲטִיאֵי Isaiah 29:21; —

1 miss the mark: קֹלֵעַ בָּאֶבֶןאֶלהַֿשַּׂעְרָה וְלֹא יַחֲטִא Judges 20:16 slinging with stones at an hair and would not miss.

2 induce or cause to sin: with accusative Exodus 23:33(JE), Nehemiah 13:26; elsewhere in the phrase החטיא את ישׂראל ( he) caused Israel to sin 1 Kings 14:16; 1 Kings 15:26,30,34; 1 Kings 16:2,13,19,26; 1 Kings 21:22; 1 Kings 22:53; 2 Kings 3:3; 2 Kings 10:29,31; 2 Kings 13:2,6,11; 2 Kings 14:24; 2 Kings 15:9,18,24,28; 2 Kings 23:15; with suffix reference to Israel 2 Kings 17:21; את יהודה 2 Kings 21:11,16; Jeremiah 32:35 (sometimes with 2nd accusative — חטאת, or אשׁר reference to חטאת: — 1 Kings 15:26,34; 1 Kings 16:26; 2 Kings 17:21; 2 Kings 21:16; peob. also 1 Kings 14:16; 1 Kings 15:30; 1 Kings 16:13; no 2nd accusative 1 Kings 16:2,19; 1 Kings 21:22; 1 Kings 22:53; 2 Kings 21:11; 2 Kings 23:15; Jeremiah 32:35; the rest are ambiguous).

3 bring into guilt, condemnation, punishment: מחטיאי אדם Isaiah 29:21 who bring a man into condemnation; לא תחטיא את הארץ Deuteronomy 24:4 thou shalt not bring the land into guilt; אל תתןאתפֿיך לחטיא אתבֿשׂרך Ecclesiastes 5:4 do not permit thy mouth to bring thy flesh into punishment.

Hithpa`el Imperfect יִתְחַטָּא Numbers 19:12 4t., יִתְחַטְּאוּ Numbers 8:21; יִתְחַטָּ֑אוּ Job 41:17, תִּתְחַטְּאוּ Numbers 31:19, תִּתְחַטָּ֑אוּ Numbers 31:20; —

1 miss oneself, lose oneself, figurative for be bewildered, beside oneself, מִשְּׁבָרִים יִתְחַטָּאוּ Job 41:17 by reason of consternation they are beside themselves ("" יגורו are afraid).

2 purity oneself from uncleanness, only in P:

a. Levites Numbers 8:21.

b. those in contact with thedead Numbers 19:12,13,20; Numbers 31:19,20; with בְּ, בְּמֵי נִּדָּה Numbers 31:23; by a mixture of ashes of the red heifer with fresh water Numbers 19:12.

Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Definition

חָטָא fut. יֶחֱטָא

(1) prop. to miss, to err from the mark, speaking of an archer (the opposite idea to that of reaching the goal, to hit the mark), see Hiph. Judges 20:16 of the feet, to make a false step, to stumble (Proverbs 19:2), Germ. fehlen, verfehlen, specially fehlfchießen, fehltreten. (The same origin is found in Arab. خَطِىءَ to miss the mark, opposite to صاب to hit the mark, see Jeuhari in the specimen edited by Scheid, p. 67-71, and Greek ἁμαρτάνω, used of a dart, Il. x. 372; iv. 491; of a way, Od. vii. 292.) The opposite of מָצָא to hit upon, to find, German treffen. Proverbs 8:36, חֹטְאִי חֹמֵס נַפְשׁוֹ “he who wanders from me, injures his own soul.” Opposed to מֹצְאִי verse 35. Job 5:24, “thou numberest thy flock, וְלֹא תֶחֱטָא and missest none;” none is wanting, all the flocks are there. (In this signification it agrees with the Ethiop. ኀጥአ፡ not to find, not to have, to lack, see Ludolf, Lex. Ethiop. p. 288.)

(2) to sin (to miss or wander from the way, or to stumble in the path of rectitude), followed by לְ of the person against whom one sins, whence חָטָא לַיהֹוָה Genesis 20:6, Genesis 20:9; 1 Samuel 2:25, 7:6, etc.; also followed by בְּ of the thing in which one has sinned, Genesis 42:22; Leviticus 4:23; Nehemiah 9:29 followed by עַל Levit. 5:22 Numbers 6:11; Nehemiah 13:26. There is a pregnant construction in Leviticus 5:16, אֵת אֲשֶׁר חָטָא מִן־ הַקֹּדֶשׁ “that which he hath sinned (taken sinfully) from the holy things.”

(3) to become liable to a penalty or forfeiture of something by sinning, followed by an acc. Leviticus 5:7 comp. verse 11 Proverbs 20:2, חוֹטֵא נַפְשׁוֹ “he becomes liable to the penalty of his life,” brings his life into danger, compare Habakkuk 2:10. Genesis 43:9, “unless I bring him back וְחָטָאתִי וגו׳ I shall be liable (i.e. I shall bear the blame) through all my life.”

Piel חִטֵּא

(1) to bear the blame (to take the consequence of sin), followed by an acc., Genesis 31:39 hence

(2) to offer for sin. Levit. 6:19, הַמְחַטֵּא אֹתָהּ “he who offers it” (the sin offering). Levit. 9:15, וַיְחַטְּאֵהוּ “and offered it as a sin-offering.”

(3) to expiate, to cleanse by a sacred ceremony, i.q. כִּפֵּר, as men, Numbers 19:19; Psalms 51:9 vessels, a house, etc. Leviticus 8:15, followed by עַל Exodus 29:36.

Hiphil הֶחֱטִיא

(1) i.q. Kal No. 1, to miss the mark (as an archer), Judges 20:16 (Arab. Conj. IV.).

(2) causat. of No. 2, to lead into sin, to seduce some one to sin, Exodus 23:33. 1 Kings 15:26, וּבְחַטָּאתוֹ אֲשֶׁר הֶחֱטִיא אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל “and in his sin which he made Israel to sin,” to which he seduced Israel (used here, as often in other places, concerning idolatry). 1 Kings 16:26; 2 Kings 3:3, 10:29.

(3) [“to cause to be accused of sin, Deuteronomy 24:4; Ecclesiastes 5:5 also”] i.q. הִרְשִׁיעַ to declare guilty, to condemn, in a forensic sense, Isaiah 29:21.

Hithpael

(1) i.q. Kal to miss or wander from the way, used of a man terrified and confounded, and thus in a precipitate flight mistaking the way. Job 41:17 comp. Schultens. Opp. Min. p. 94.

(2) reflect. of Piel No. 3, to purify oneself, Numbers 19:12, seq. 31:20.

The derived nouns follow immediately after.

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List of Word Forms

אֲחַטֶּ֔נָּה אֶֽחֱטָא־ אחטא־ אחטנה בְּחֶטְאָ֥ה בחטאה הֶחֱטִ֔יאוּ הֶחֱטִ֖יא הֶחֱטִ֙יאוּ֙ הֶחֱטִ֣יא הֶחֱטִ֥יא הַֽמְחַטֵּ֥א הַחֲטִ֥יא הַחֹטֵ֖את החטאת החטיא החטיאו המחטא וְֽ֭חֹטְאִי וְהֶחֱטֵיאָ֖ם וְהַ֣חוֹטֶ֔א וְחִטְּאוֹ֙ וְחִטְּאוּ֙ וְחִטֵּ֣א וְחִטֵּאתָ֖ וְחִטֵּאתָ֙ וְחִטֵּאתָ֥ וְחָֽטְאָה֙ וְחָטָ֑אתִי וְחָטָ֖אתִי וְחָטָ֥את וְחָטָ֥אתִֽי וְחָטָ֥אתִי וְחוֹטֵ֖א וְחוֹטֵ֥א וְחוֹטֵֽא׃ וְחוֹטֶ֣א וְלַחוֹטֶא֩ וַֽיְחַטְּא֤וּ וַֽיְחַטְּאֵ֖הוּ וַֽנֶּחֱטָ֔א וַֽתֶּחֱטָ֑א וַֽתַּחֲטִ֖א וַֽתַּחֲטִא֙ וַחֲטָאתֶ֖ם וַיְחַטֵּ֖א וַיִּֽתְחַטְּא֣וּ וַיַּחֲטִ֥א והחוטא והחטיאם וחוטא וחוטא׃ וחטא וחטאה וחטאו וחטאי וחטאת וחטאתי וחטאתם ויחטא ויחטאהו ויחטאו ויתחטאו ולחוטא ונחטא ותחטא חֲטָאתֶ֔ם חֲטָאתֶ֖ם חֲטָאתֶ֣ם חֲטָאתֶ֤ם חֲטָאתֶם֙ חֲטֹ֛א חֲטֹאתֽוֹ׃ חִטְּא֖וּ חָ֥טְא֛וּ חָ֭טָאתִי חָ֭טָאתָ חָֽטְאָה֙ חָֽטְאוּ֙ חָֽטְאוּ־ חָֽטָא־ חָטְא֖וּ חָטְא֗וּ חָטְא֣וּ חָטְא֤וּ חָטָ֑א חָטָ֑אָה חָטָ֑אוּ חָטָ֑אתִי חָטָ֔א חָטָ֔אנוּ חָטָ֔אתִי חָטָ֖א חָטָ֖אנוּ חָטָ֖אתִי חָטָ֖אתָ חָטָ֗א חָטָ֗אנוּ חָטָ֙אתִי֙ חָטָ֛א חָטָ֛אתִי חָטָ֜א חָטָ֜אתִי חָטָ֞א חָטָ֡אתִי חָטָ֣א חָטָ֣אנוּ חָטָ֣אתִֽי חָטָ֣אתִי חָטָ֤אתִי חָטָ֥א חָטָ֥אנוּ חָטָ֥אתִי חָטָ֨א חָטָ֨אתִֽי חָטָֽאָה׃ חָטָֽא־ חָטָֽא׃ חָטָֽאוּ׃ חָטָֽאנוּ׃ חָטָֽאתִי׃ חָטָא֙ חָטָאנוּ֮ חָטָאתִי֮ חֹטִ֥אים חֹטֵ֗א חֹטֶ֗א חוֹטֵ֑א חוֹטֵ֥א חוֹטֵֽא׃ חוטא חוטא׃ חטא חטא־ חטא׃ חטאה חטאה׃ חטאו חטאו־ חטאו׃ חטאים חטאנו חטאנו׃ חטאת חטאתו׃ חטאתי חטאתי׃ חטאתם יִתְחַטָּ֑א יִתְחַטָּ֔א יִתְחַטָּ֗א יִתְחַטָּ֜א יִתְחַטָּֽאוּ׃ יִתְחַטָּא־ יֶֽחֱטָ֑א יֶֽחֱטָא־ יֶֽחֶטְאוּ־ יֶחֱטָ֔א יֶחֱטָ֖א יֶחֱטָ֣א יֶחֱטָ֥א יֶחֱטָ֨א יֶחֱטָֽא׃ יֶחֶטְאוּ־ יַחֲטִ֥יאוּ יַחֲטִֽא׃ יחטא יחטא־ יחטא׃ יחטאו־ יחטיאו יתחטא יתחטא־ יתחטאו׃ כַּֽחֹטֶ֔א כחטא לְהַחֲטִ֖יא לְחַטֵּ֥א לַחֲטִ֣יא לַחֲטֹ֑א לַחֲטֹ֗א לַחֲטֹ֣א לַחֲטֹ֥א לַחֲטֹֽא׃ לַחֲטֹא־ להחטיא לחטא לחטא־ לחטא׃ לחטיא מֵֽחַטֵּ֑א מֵחֲט֪וֹא מֵחֲטֹ֣א מֵחֲטוֹ־ מַחֲטִיאֵ֤י מחטא מחטו־ מחטוא מחטיאי תְּחַטְּאֵ֣נִי תִּֽתְחַטְּא֞וּ תִּתְחַטָּֽאוּ׃ תֶּ֫חֱטָ֥אוּ תֶּחֱטָ֣א תֶּחֱטָ֥א תֶּחֶטְא֥וּ תֶֽחֱטָ֔א תֶֽחֱטָא֙ תֶחֱטָ֔א תֶחֱטָ֗א תֶחֱטָ֤א תֶחֱטָֽא׃ תֶחֱטָֽאוּ׃ תֶחֱטָא־ תֶחֶטְא֥וּ תַחֲטִיא֙ תחטא תחטא־ תחטא׃ תחטאו תחטאו׃ תחטאני תחטיא תתחטאו תתחטאו׃ ’ă·ḥaṭ·ṭen·nāh ’ăḥaṭṭennāh ’e·ḥĕ·ṭā- ’eḥĕṭā- achatTennah bə·ḥeṭ·’āh bechetAh bəḥeṭ’āh chaTa chaTaah chaTanu Chatata chataTem chaTati chaTau chateAh chateU chaTo chatoTo chitteU choTe choTim echeta ha·ḥă·ṭî ha·ḥō·ṭêṯ ḥā·ṭā ḥā·ṭā- ḥā·ṭā·’āh ḥā·ṭā·’ū ḥā·ṭā·nū ḥā·ṭā·ṯā ḥă·ṭā·ṯem ḥā·ṭā·ṯî ḥā·ṭə·’āh ḥā·ṭə·’ū ḥā·ṭə·’ū- ḥă·ṭō ḥă·ṭō·ṯōw hachaTi hachoTet haḥăṭî haḥōṭêṯ ham·ḥaṭ·ṭê hamchatTe hamḥaṭṭê ḥāṭā ḥāṭā- ḥāṭā’āh ḥāṭā’ū ḥāṭānū ḥāṭāṯā ḥăṭāṯem ḥāṭāṯî ḥāṭə’āh ḥāṭə’ū ḥāṭə’ū- ḥăṭō ḥăṭōṯōw he·ḥĕ·ṭî he·ḥĕ·ṭî·’ū hecheTi hecheTiu heḥĕṭî heḥĕṭî’ū ḥiṭ·ṭə·’ū ḥiṭṭə’ū ḥō·ṭe ḥō·ṭê ḥō·ṭim ḥō·w·ṭê ḥōṭe ḥōṭê ḥōṭim ḥōwṭê ka·ḥō·ṭe kachoTe kaḥōṭe la·ḥă·ṭî la·ḥă·ṭō la·ḥă·ṭō- lachaTi lachaTo laḥăṭî laḥăṭō laḥăṭō- lə·ha·ḥă·ṭî lə·ḥaṭ·ṭê lechatTe lehachaTi ləhaḥăṭî ləḥaṭṭê ma·ḥă·ṭî·’ê machatiEi maḥăṭî’ê mê·ḥă·ṭō mê·ḥă·ṭō·w mê·ḥă·ṭōw- mê·ḥaṭ·ṭê mechaTo mechatov mechatTe mêḥăṭō mêḥăṭōw mêḥăṭōw- mêḥaṭṭê ṯa·ḥă·ṭî tachaTi ṯaḥăṭî tə·ḥaṭ·ṭə·’ê·nî te·ḥĕ·ṭā ṯe·ḥĕ·ṭā ṯe·ḥĕ·ṭā- te·ḥĕ·ṭā·’ū ṯe·ḥĕ·ṭā·’ū te·ḥeṭ·’ū ṯe·ḥeṭ·’ū techatteEni techeTa techeTau techetU təḥaṭṭə’ênî teḥeṭ’ū ṯeḥeṭ’ū teḥĕṭā ṯeḥĕṭā ṯeḥĕṭā- teḥĕṭā’ū ṯeḥĕṭā’ū tiṯ·ḥaṭ·ṭā·’ū tiṯ·ḥaṭ·ṭə·’ū titchatTau titchatteU tiṯḥaṭṭā’ū tiṯḥaṭṭə’ū vachataTem vaiyachaTi vaiyitchatteU vannecheTa vattachaTi vattecheTa vaychatTe vaychatteEhu vaychatteU vechaTat vechaTati vechateAh vechitTe vechitteO vechitteTa vechitteU vechoTe Vechotei veHachoTe vehecheteiAm velachoTe wa·ḥă·ṭā·ṯem waḥăṭāṯem wan·ne·ḥĕ·ṭā wanneḥĕṭā wat·ta·ḥă·ṭi wat·te·ḥĕ·ṭā wattaḥăṭi watteḥĕṭā way·ḥaṭ·ṭê way·ḥaṭ·ṭə·’ê·hū way·ḥaṭ·ṭə·’ū way·ya·ḥă·ṭi way·yiṯ·ḥaṭ·ṭə·’ū wayḥaṭṭê wayḥaṭṭə’êhū wayḥaṭṭə’ū wayyaḥăṭi wayyiṯḥaṭṭə’ū wə·ha·ḥō·w·ṭe wə·ḥā·ṭā·ṯî wə·ḥā·ṭāṯ wə·ḥā·ṭə·’āh wə·he·ḥĕ·ṭê·’ām wə·ḥiṭ·ṭê wə·ḥiṭ·ṭə·’ōw wə·ḥiṭ·ṭə·’ū wə·ḥiṭ·ṭê·ṯā wə·ḥō·ṭə·’î wə·ḥō·w·ṭe wə·ḥō·w·ṭê wə·la·ḥō·w·ṭe wəhaḥōwṭe wəḥāṭāṯ wəḥāṭāṯî wəḥāṭə’āh wəheḥĕṭê’ām wəḥiṭṭê wəḥiṭṭə’ōw wəḥiṭṭə’ū wəḥiṭṭêṯā wəḥōṭə’î wəḥōwṭe wəḥōwṭê wəlaḥōwṭe ya·ḥă·ṭi ya·ḥă·ṭî·’ū yachaTi yachaTiu yaḥăṭi yaḥăṭî’ū ye·ḥĕ·ṭā ye·ḥĕ·ṭā- ye·ḥeṭ·’ū- yecheTa yechetu yeḥeṭ’ū- yeḥĕṭā yeḥĕṭā- yiṯ·ḥaṭ·ṭā yiṯ·ḥaṭ·ṭā- yiṯ·ḥaṭ·ṭā·’ū yitchatta yitchatTau yiṯḥaṭṭā yiṯḥaṭṭā- yiṯḥaṭṭā’ū