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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2218 - ζυγός
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- a yoke
- a yoke that is put on draught cattle
- metaph., used of any burden or bondage
- as that of slavery
- of troublesome laws imposed on one, esp. of the Mosaic law, hence the name is so transferred to the commands of Christ as to contrast them with the commands of the Pharisees which were a veritable 'yoke'; yet even Christ's commands must be submitted to, though easier to be kept
- a balance, pair of scales
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
ζῠγός, ὁ, v. sub ζυγόν.
ζῠγόν, τό,
also ζυγός, ὁ, (in various senses), h.Cer. 217, Pl. Ti. 63b, Theoc. 30.29, LXX Genesis 27:40, al., Plb. 4.82.2, Matthew 11:29, Jul. Or. 5.173a, etc.: rarely in pl., ζυγοί LXX Proverbs 11:1, Sch. Th. 1.29: Delph. δυγός (q.v.).
I
1. yoke of a plough or carriage, ζ. ἵππειον Il. 5.799, 23.392; ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν ἵππους 5.731, cf. Od. 3.383; ἐπὶ ζυγὸν αὐχένι θεῖναι βουσί Hes. Op. 815, cf. 581; ὑπὸ ζυγόφιν (i.e. ζυγοῦ) λύον ἵππους Il. 24.576: prov., τὸν αὐτὸν ἕλκειν ζ. 'to be in the same boat', Aristaenet. 2.7, Zen. 3.43; ταὔτ' ἐμοὶ ζ. τρίβεις Herod. 6.12.
2. metaph., ἐπὶ ζυγὸς αὐχένι κεῖται h.Cer. 217; ἐχθροῖσιν ὑπὸ ζυγὸν αὐχένα θήσω Thgn. 1023; ἐπαυχένιον λαβεῖν ζ. Pi. P. 2.93; δούλιον ζ. the yoke of slavery, Hdt. 7.8. γ, A. Th. 75 (pl.), 471, etc.; δουλείας, ἀνάγκης ζ., S. Aj. 944, E. Or. 1330; ὑπὸ ζυγῷ λόφον δικαίως εἶχον S. Ant. 291; ἐπιτιθέναι τινὶ ζυγὰ τοῦ μὴ.. so as to prevent.., X. Cyr. 3.1.27; ζυγῷ ζυγῆναι Pl. R. 508a; ἄγειν ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. τινάς Plb. 4.82.2, cf. D.H. 3.22; ὑπὸ τὸν ζ. ὑπαγαγεῖν D.C. Fr. 36.10; ζυγὸν ὑποστῆναι D.H. 10.20.
II
1. crossbar of the φόρμιγξ, Il. 9.187.
2. ζυγὸς ἡ τῆς ἀμπέλου πρὸς τὴν χάρακα συζυγία Gp. 5.29.6.
III in pl.,
1. thwarts or benches joining the opposite sides of a ship, Od. 9.99, 13.21, Hdt. 2.96: rarely in sg., θοὸν εἰρεσίας ζυγόν S. Aj. 249 (lyr.): metaph., of the seat of authority compared to the helmsman's seat, ἐς τὸ πρῶτον πόλεος ζ. E. Ion 595; ἐπεὶ δ' ἐπὶ ζυγοῖς καθέζετ' ἀρχῆς Id. Ph. 74; σὺ ταῦτα φωνεῖς νερτέρᾳ προσήμενος κώπῃ, κρατούντων τῶν ἐπὶ ζυγῷ δορός; while on the main thwart sits authority, A. Ag. 1618; also of a coachman's seat, box, PMasp. 303.15 (vi A.D.).
2. in pl., panels of a door, IG 12.372.199,22.1457.14,1672.155; cf. ζευγίον. beam of the balance, ζυγὸν ταλάντου A. Supp. 822 (lyr.), cf. Arist. Mech. 850a4: hence, the balance itself (cf. πῆχυς IV), αἴρειν τὸν ζυγόν Pl. Ti. 63b; ἐν πλάστιγγι ζυγοῦ κεῖσθαι Id. R. 55o e; ζυγῷ or ἐν τῷ ζ. ἱστάναι, Lys. 10.18, Pl. Prt. 356b; ζυγὸν ἱστάναι D. Prooem. 55: in pl., Id. 25.46, SIG 975.39 (Delos, iii B.C.): prov., ζ. μὴ ὑπερβαίνειν Pythag. ap. D.L. 8.18. the constellation Libra, Hipparch. 3.1.5, Ph. 1.28, Man. 2.137, etc.; ζ. Ἀφροδίτης Porph. Antr. 22. καρχασίου the yard-arm at the mast head, Pi. N. 5.51, cf. Ach.Tat. 5.16. cross-strap of a sandal, Ar. Lys. 417, Poll. 7.81; ζυγός, ὁ, Phot. pair, κλεινὸν ζυγόν, of persons, E. Hel. 392; κατὰ ζυγά in pairs, Arist. HA 544a5, Theoc. 13.32. rank or line of soldiers, opp. file (στοῖχος), ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ ζ. ἐμάχοντο τέσσαρες Th. 5.68; ὁ ζυγός Polyaen. 4.4.3 (τὰ ζυγά 2.10.4); κατὰ ζυγόν line with line, Plb. 1.45.9; κατ' ἄνδρα καὶ ζ. Id. 3.81.2; esp. front rank, Ael. Tact. 7.1, Arr. Tact. 8.1; also of the Chorus, Poll. 4.108. ζυγὰ ἢ ἄζυγα even or odd, a game, Sch. Ar. Pl. 817. measure of land, SIG 963.13 (Amorgos, iv B.C.).
ζυγός, ζυγοῦ, ὁ, for which in Greek writings before Polybius τό ζυγόν was more common (from ζεύγνυμι);
1. a yoke;
a. properly, such as is put on draught-cattle.
b. metaphorically, used of any burden or bondage: as that of slavery, 1 Timothy 6:1 (Leviticus 26:13), δουλείας, Galatians 5:1 (Sophocles Aj. 944; δουλοσυνης, Demosthenes 322, 12); of troublesome laws imposed on one, especially of the Mosaic law, Acts 15:10; Galatians 5:1; hence, the name is so transferred to the commands of Christ as to contrast them with the commands of the Pharisees which were a veritable 'yoke'; yet even Christ's commands must be submitted to, though easier to be kept: Matthew 11:29f (less aptly in Clement of Rome, 1 Cor. 16, 17 [ET] Christians are called οἱ ὑπό τόν ζυγόν τῆς χάριτος ἐλθόντες (cf. Harnack at the passage)).
2. a balance, pair of scales: Revelation 6:5 (as in Isaiah 40:12; Leviticus 19:36; Plato, rep. 8, 550 e.; Aelian v. h. 10, 6; others).
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ζυγός
(in cl. more freq. τὸ ζυγόν ), -οῦ , ὁ
(< ζεύγνυμι ),
[in LXX for H5923, H3976, etc.;]
1. a yoke; metaph., of bondage or submission to authority: Matthew 11:29-30, Acts 15:10, Galatians 5:1, 1 Timothy 6:1.
2. a balance: Revelation 6:5 (of. Isaiah 40:12, al.).†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
For this word, which survives in MGr, in its literal sense cf. P Rein 17.20 (B.C. 109) ἄροτρον α ̄ ζυ [γὸ ]ν α ̄, P Fay 121.4 (c. A.D. 100) εὖ ποιήσεις δοὺς Οὐηστείνωι εἰς τὸν ζυγὸν αὐτοῦ ζυγόδεσμον καινὸν στερεόν, ";kindly give Vestinus for his yoke a new strong yoke-band"; (Edd.), P Strass I. 32.12 (A.D. 261) ζυγὸν δὲ ἐνάγων παρά σοι τὸν ἐπιτηδειότερον αὐτῷ παράσχες. The neuter form of the subst. = ";balance,"; as in Revelation 6:5, occurs in P Leid Wv. 6 (s.v. μηνύω), and Michel 1222.4 (ii/B.C.) τὸ ζυγὸν καὶ τὰ σταθμία.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
