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Bible Lexicons
Old Testament Hebrew Lexical Dictionary Hebrew Lexicon
Strong's #7186 - קָשֶׁה
- Brown-Driver-Briggs
- Strong
1) hard, cruel, severe, obstinate
1a) hard, difficult
1b) severe
1c) fierce, intense, vehement
1d) stubborn, stiff of neck, stiff-necked
1e) rigorous (of battle)
- Book
- Word
1435) sq (קסה QSh) AC: Gather CO: Stalk AB: ?: The pictograph q is a picture of the sun at the horizon and the gathering of the light, the s is a picture of the teeth representing pressure. Combined these mean "bring together and pressed". Once the grain stalks are harvested from the field, it is gathered into bundles and secured with a cord in the middle.
A) sq (קסה QSh) AC: ? CO: Stubble AB: ?: The stiff part of the stalk that remains in the ground. The stiffness a branch for making bows or snares.
Nm) sq (קסה QSh) - Stubble: KJV (16): stubble - Strongs: H7179 (קַשׁ)
Nf2) tsq (קסהת QShT) - Bow: Made from a stiff branch to shoot arrows. KJV (77): bow - Strongs: H7198 (קֶשֶׁת)
fm) isq (קסהי QShY) - Stubbornness: As stiff. KJV (1): stubbornness - Strongs: H7190 (קְשִׁי)
B) ssq (קסהסה QShSh) AC: Gather CO: Stalk AB: ?: The stalks of the grain harvested are gathered together and tied into tight bundles. The stiffness of the stalks or a branch.
V) ssq (קסהסה QShSh) - Gather: KJV (8): (vf: Paal) gather - Strongs: H7197 (קָשַׁשׁ)
Nm) ssq (קסהסה QShSh) - Chaff: [df: ssx] KJV (2): chaff - Strongs: H2842 (חֲשַׁשׁ)
E) asq (קסהא QShA) AC: ? CO: Cucumber AB: ?: A hard vegetable.
df) afsq (קסהוא QShWA) - Cucumber: A hard vegetable. KJV (1): cucumber - Strongs: H7180 (קִשֻּׁאָה)
hf1) easqm (מקסהאה MQShAH) - Cucumber: A hard vegetable. [df: hsqm] KJV (1): cucumber - Strongs: H4750 (מִקְשָׁה)
H) esq (קסהה QShH) AC: ? CO: Hard AB: ?: The stiffness of the stubble or branch.
V) esq (קסהה QShH) - Hard: KJV (28): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Hiphil, Piel) harden, hard, grievous - Strongs: H7185 (קָשָׁה)
Nm) esq (קסהה QShH) - Hard: KJV (36): hard, roughly, cruel, grievous, sore, churlish, hardhearted, heavy - Strongs: H7186 (קָשֶׁה)
hm) esqm (מקסהה MQShH) - Hairdo: A well dressed hair. [Unknown connection to root;] KJV (1): hair - Strongs: H4748 (מִקְשֶׁה)
hf1) esqm (מקסהה MQShH) - Work: A metal that is formed by being beaten by a hammer. [Unknown connection to root;] KJV (10): beaten, piece, upright - Strongs: H4749 (מִקְשָׁה)
J) sfq (קוסה QWSh) AC: Gather CO: Snare AB: ?: A snare for trapping animals is constructed of a bent branch (as a spring) tied to a trap.
V) sfq (קוסה QWSh) - Snare: KJV (1): (vf: Paal) snare - Strongs: H6983 (קוּשׁ)
L) sqi (יקסה YQSh) AC: Gather CO: Snare AB: ?: A snare for trapping animals is constructed of a bent branch (as a spring) tied to a trap.
V) sqi (יקסה YQSh) - Snare: KJV (8): (vf: Paal, Niphal, Pual, Participle) snare - Strongs: H3369 (יָקַשׁ)
am) sqfm (מוקסה MWQSh) - Snare: KJV (27): snare, gin, trap, ensnared - Strongs: H4170 (מֹקֵשׁ)
cm) sfqi (יקוסה YQWSh) - Snarer: KJV (1): fowler - Strongs: H3352 (יָקוֹשׁ)
dm) sfqi (יקוסה YQWSh) - Snare: KJV (3): fowler, snare - Strongs: H3353 (יָקוּשׁ)
Adopted Roots:
Jeff Benner, Ancient Hebrew Research Center Used by permission of the author.
1 hard, difficult, of a legal question (דָּבָר) Exodus 18:26 (E).
2. a. severe, of battle 2 Samuel 2:17, wind Isaiah 27:8, servitude (עֲבֹדָה) 1 Kings 12:4 2 Chronicles 10:4; Deuteronomy 26:6; Isaiah 14:3; Exodus 1:14; Exodus 6:9 (both P); as n.collective הִרְאִיתָ עַמְּךָ קָשָׁה Psalm 60:5 thou hast made thy people see severe things; קְשֵׁה יוֺם Job 30:25i.e. one whose time (life) is hard, Song of Solomon 1Samuel 1:15 (reading קְשַׁת יוֺם for רוּחַ׳ק, ᵐ5 Th We Dr and others); severe, rough, of lord (אֲדֹנִים) Isaiah 19:4, compare 2 Samuel 3:39 (with מִן compare [מִמֶּנּוּ? see HPS]); הָלוֺח וְקָשָׁה עַלֿ Judges 4:24 the hand of the sons of Israel went on being more and more severe upon Jabin; fierce, relentless, of ׳י's sword Isaiah 27:1 (in figurative); rough, rude 1 Samuel 25:3; severe things, of language Genesis 42:7,30 (E; with דִּדֶּר), 1 Samuel 20:10; 1 Kings 12:13 2 Chronicles 10:13 (all with עָנָה); וְאָנֹכִי שָׁלוּחַ אֵלַיִח קָשָׁה 1 Kings 14:6 I am commissioned with a severe (message) unto thee (Ges§ 121 d. N.2Da Synt. §§ 75 (d), 80); חָזוּת קָשָׁה Isaiah 21:2.
b. fierce, intense, vehement, of קִנְאָה Song of Solomon 8:6 ("" עַזָּה; compare Genesis 49:9).
3עַםקְֿשֵׁהעֹֿרֶף a people stiff of neck, stubborn, Exodus 32:9; Exodus 33:3,5; Exodus 34:9 (all J E), Deuteronomy 9:6,13; עָרְמְּךָ הַקָּשֶׁה Deuteronomy 31:27; compare דַּרְכָּם הַקָּשָׁה Judges 2:19; קְשֵׁי פָנִים Ezekiel 2:4 (+ חִזְקֵילֵֿב), קְשֵׁאלֵֿב Ezekiel 3:7 (+ חִזְקֵימְֿצַח); ׳ק alone = stubborn Isaiah 48:4.
קָשֶׁה m. adj. קָשָׁה f.
(1) hard, used of hard servitude, Exodus 1:14, 6:9 1 Kings 12:4 hard, i.e. harsh words, Genesis 42:7, 30 Genesis 42:30; Job 30:25, קְשֵׁה־יוֹם “whose day is hard,” whose lot is hard, unhappy.
(2) firm, fast, σκληρός, Song of Solomon 8:6 and in a bad sense, hardened. קְשֵׁה עֹרֶף stubborn, Exodus 32:9, 34:9 קְשֵׁה פָנִים hard-faced, impudent, Ezekiel 2:4 קְשֵׁה לֵב stubborn of heart, Ezekiel 3:7 without לֵב id., Isaiah 48:4.
(3) heavy
(a) i.q. vehement, of a wind, Isaiah 27:8 of a battle, 2 Samuel 2:17.
(b) i.q. powerful, strong, 2 Samuel 3:39.
(c) קְשֵׁה רוּחַ heavy in spirit, sad in spirit, 1 Samuel 1:15.
(4) difficult, hard, Exodus 18:26.
