Botanist, zoologist and natural philosopher, born Bazentin, Picardy, 1744; died Paris, France, 1829. He wrote the first complete account of the fiora of France, a natural history of the vegetable kingdom, and a history of invertebrates, and made important studies of molluscs. Anticipating Darwinism, he originated the form of evolution known as Lamarckism. which assumes original creation.