"a whip, scourge," is used (a) with the meaning "scourging," in Acts 22:24 , of the Roman method (see above, B, No. 1, Note); (b) in Hebrews 11:36 , of the "sufferings" of saints in the OT times. Among the Hebrews the usual mode, legal and domestic, was that of beating with a rod (see 2 Corinthians 11:25 ); (c) metaphorically, of "disease" or "suffering:" see PLAGUE , No. 1.