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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #2048 - ἔρημος
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
- solitary, lonely, desolate, uninhabited
- used of places
- a desert, wilderness
- deserted places, lonely regions
- an uncultivated region fit for pasturage
- used of persons
- deserted by others
- deprived of the aid and protection of others, especially of friends, acquaintances, kindred
- bereft 1b
- of a flock deserted by the shepherd 1b
- of a woman neglected by her husband, from whom the husband withholds himself
- used of places
- Book
- Word
- Parsing
ἐρῆμος, ον,
fem. ἐρήμη Od. 3.270, S. OC 1719 (lyr.), Ant. 739, Tr. 530 (lyr.), and in the phrase δίκη ἐρήμη (v. infr. III): Att. ἔρημος, ον, acc. to Hdn.Gr. 2.938: Comp. -ότερος Th. 3.11, Lys. 29.1, etc.: Sup. -ότατος Hdt. 9.118: —
I desolate, lonely, solitary,
1 of places, ἐς νῆσον ἐρήμην Od. 3.270; χῶρος Il. 10.520; τὰ ἐ. τῆς Λιβύης the desert parts.., Hdt. 2.32, cf. Th. 2.17; ἡ ἐρῆμος (sc. χώρα) Hdt. 4.18; ἡ ἐρήμη Ael. NA 7.48: pl., ib. 3.26; empty, πνύξ Ar. Ach. 20.
2. of personsor animals, τὰ δ' ἐρῆμα φοβεῖται (i.e. the sheep), Il. 5.140; ξέρξην ἔ. μολεῖν A. Pers. 734 (troch.); ἧσθαι δόμοις ἔ. Id. Ag. 862; πόρτις ἐρήμα S. Tr. 530 (lyr.); ἔ. κἄφιλος Id. Ph. 228; τὸν θεὸν ἔ. ἀπολιπόντε Ar. Pl. 447; freq. of poor, friendless persons, And. 4.15, etc.; ἐρημότεροι, opp. δυνατώτεροι, Th. 3.11; οὐκ ὢν οὔτε τῶν ἐρημοτάτων οὔτε τῶν ἀπόρων κομιδῇ D. 21.111; εἰς ὀρφανὰ καὶ ἔ. ὑβρίζειν Pl. Lg. 927c; ὄρνιθες solitary, not gregarious, Plu. Caes. 63: neut. as Adv., ἔρημα κλαίω I weep in solitude, E. Supp. 775; ἔρημον ἐμβλέπειν to look vacantly, Ar. Fr. 456.
3. of conditions, πλάνος S. OC 1114.
II c. gen.,
1. reft of, void or destitute of, [χώρη] ἐ. πάντων Hdt. 2.32; ἀνθρώπων Id. 4.17, cf. 18; ἀνδρῶν Id. 6.23, S. OT 57; Ἀθηναίων Hdt. 8.65; στέγαι φίλων ἔ. S. El. 1405; Πειραιᾶ ἔ. ὄντα νεῶν Th. 8.96; τῇ ἦν ἐρημότατον τῶν πολεμίων (sc. τὸ τεῖχος) Hdt. 9.118; [τὰ γεγραμμένα] ἀπόντος τοῦ γράψαντος ἔρημα τοῦ βοηθήσοντός ἐστιν Isoc. Ephesians 1:3; θεῶν ἔρημα εἶναι πάντα Pl. Lg. 908c.
2. of persons, bereft of, συμμάχων Hdt. 7.160; πατρός S. OC 1719 (lyr.); πατρὸς ἢ μητρός Pl. Lg. 927d; πρὸς φίλων S. Ant. 919; so ἔ. οἶκος a house without heirs, Isa 7.31.
3. with no bad sense, wanting, without, ἐσθὴς ἐρῆμος ὅπλων Hdt. 9.63; free from, ἀνδρῶν κακῶν ἔρημος πόλις Pl. Lg. 862e.
III ἐρήμη, rarely ἔρημος (with or more commonly without γραφή, δίκη, δίαιτα), ἡ,
1. an undefended action, in which one party does not appear, and judgement goes against him by default, ἤλπιζε.. τὴν γραφὴν..ἐρήμην ἔσεσθαι would be undefended, Antipho 2.1.7; ἐρήμῃ δίκῃ θάνατον καταγιγνώσκειν τινός Th. 6.61; δίκην εἷλον ἐρήμην I got judgement by default, D. 21.81; ἐρήμην αὐτὸν λαβόντες..εἷλον Lys. 20.18; τὴν ἔρημον δεδωκότα having given it by default in one's favour, D. 21.85; ἔρημον ὦφλε δίκην he let it go by default, ib.87, cf. Antipho 5.13; ἐρήμην τινὸς καταγνῶναι τὴν δίαιταν D. 33.33; ἐρήμην καταδιαιτῆσαί τινος Id. 40.17; γενομένης ἐρήμου κατὰ Μειδίου Test. ap. eund. 21.93; ἐρήμην κατηγορεῖν to accuse in a case where there was no defence, Pl. Revelation 18:1-24 c, cf. D. 21.87; ἐρήμην or ἐξ ἐρήμης κρατεῖν, Luc. Anach. 40, JTr. 25; ἁλῶναι Id. Tox. 11, etc.
2. unclaimed, vacant, Arist. Ath. 43.4, EN 1125b17, Isa 3.61.
3. for ἐρήμας τρυγᾶν v. sub τρυγάω.
ἔρημος, ἔρημον (in classic Greek also ἔρημος, ἐρήμη, ἔρημον, cf. Winers Grammar, § 11, 1; (Buttmann, 25 (23); on its accent cf. Chandler §§ 393, 394; Winer's Grammar, 52 (51)));
1. adjective solitary, lonely, desolate, uninhabited: of places, Matthew 14:13, 15; Mark 1:35; Mark 6:32; Luke 4:42; Luke 9:10 (R G L),
2. a substantive, ἡ ἔρημος, namely, χώρα; the Sept. often for מִדְבַּר; a desert, wilderness (Herodotus 3, 102): Matthew 24:26; Revelation 12:6, 14; Revelation 17:3; αἱ ἔρημοι, desert places, lonely regions: Luke 1:80; Luke 5:16; Luke 8:29. an uncultivated region fit for pasturage, Luke 15:4. used of the desert of Judaea (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 18, 1), Matthew 3:1; Mark 1:3; Luke 1:80; Luke 3:2, 4; John 1:23; of the desert of Arabia, Acts 7:30, 36, 38, 42, 44; 1 Corinthians 10:5; Hebrews 3:8, 17. Cf. Winers RWB under the word Wüste; Furrer in Sehenkel see 680ff; (B. D., see under the words,
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ἔρημος
(in older Gk. ἔρῆμος ), -ον ,
[in LXX chiefly for H4057;]
solitary, lonely, desolate, deserted:
(a) of persons, γυνή , Galatians 4:27 (LXX);
(b) of places, Matthew 14:13; Matthew 14:15; Matthew 23:38 (WH, om.), Mark 1:36; Mark 6:32, Luke 4:42; Luke 9:12, al.; as subst., ἡ ἔ . (sc. χώρα ; as in Hdt., ii, 32, al.), the desert, Matthew 3:1; Matthew 3:3, Mark 1:3-4, John 3:14, al.; pl., αἱ ἔ ., desert places, Luke 1:80; Luke 5:16; Luke 8:29.
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
P Lille I. 26.3 (iii/B.C.) ἡ κώμη ἔρημος διὰ τὸ πλείω χρόνον μὴ βεβρέχθαι, ";the village deserted because for long there has been no inundation,"; P Tebt II. 308.4 (A.D. 174) ἐ ̣ρ ̣η ̣μου αἰγιαλοῦ, ";desert shore,"; OGIS 580.7 (A.D. 367–75) τὸν τόπον. . . πρότερον ἀγνοούμενον καὶ ἔρημον. For the legal use of the adj. to denote judgment going ";by default"; owing to the non-appearance of the accused party, cf. P Hib I. 32.8 (B.C. 246) Νεοπτολέμου Μακεδόνος ι ̣̔̓δ ̣ι ̣[ώ ]του τ [ῶν ] Ἀντιόχου πρὸς καταδίκην ἔρημον ὕβρεως πρὸς (δραχμάς) σ ̄, ";(property of) Neoptolemus, Macedonian, a private in Antiochus’ troop, who had been condemned by default for violence to a fine of 200 drachmae"; (Edd.) : cf. Chrest. II. i. p. 18 n..3 On the accent of ἔρημος see Brugmann-Thumb Gr. p. 185. The adj. survives in MGr = ";lonely,"; ";forsaken"; : cf. also the Klepht ballad, Abbott Songs, p. 18.13, where τἄρημα τ᾽ ἄρματα τἄρημα τὰ τσαπράζια = ";the wretched arms, the wretched knee-plates."; The form ἔρμος (by stress of accent) is also found.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.
