Ariel = either a lion of GOD (El, App-4 . IV) (2 Samuel 23:20 ); or the altar-hearth of GOD (Ezekiel 43:15 , Ezekiel 43:16 ; and the Moabite Stone, line 12, App-54 ). Jerusalem is called Har-el on old Egyptian monuments.
the city. Put by Figure of speech Polyonymia for Jerusalem. "City" is in the construct state: = city of [the spot] where David camped.
dwelt = encamped.
year. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), for festival.
let them kill, &c.: or, let the feasts go round. Figure of speech Eironeia. App-6 .
Verse 1
Woe. The second of the six woes.
Ariel = either a lion of GOD (El, App-4 . IV) (2 Samuel 23:20 ); or the altar-hearth of GOD (Ezekiel 43:15 , Ezekiel 43:16 ; and the Moabite Stone, line 12, App-54 ). Jerusalem is called Har-el on old Egyptian monuments.
the city. Put by Figure of speech Polyonymia for Jerusalem. "City" is in the construct state: = city of [the spot] where David camped.
dwelt = encamped.
year. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), for festival.
let them kill, &c.: or, let the feasts go round. Figure of speech Eironeia. App-6 .
Verse 2
as Ariel = as a veritable hearth of GOD.
Verse 4
ground =. earth. a familiar spirit = an Ob . See note on Leviticus 19:31 .
whisper = peep, chirp, or mutter.
Verse 5
strangers: i.e. adversaries.
like, &c. . . . as, &c. Figure of speech Hyperbole.
terrible ones = tyrants.
Verse 6
visited. These judgments (in Isaiah 29:6 ) refer to the deliverance from Jerusalem's enemies.
the LORD of hosts. See note on 1 Samuel 1:3 .
Verse 7
Ariel. Here it is plainly Jerusalem.
Verse 8
as = according as.
soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13 .
Verse 9
wine. Hebrew. yayin. App-27 .
strong drink. Hebrew. shekar. App-27 .
Verse 10
the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4 .
hath poured, &c. Quoted in Romans 11:8 .
spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9 .
Verse 11
of all = of the whole, or altogether.
book = scroll, or document, in writing.
Verse 13
the LORD*. One of the 134 places where the Sopherim say they changed Jehovah of the primitive text to Adonai. See App-32 .
said. Quoted in Matthew 15:7-9 . Mark 7:6 .
but = though.
taught by the precept of men = a commandment of men in which they have been schooled: i.e. taught by rote.
men = mortals. Hebrew, plural of enosh . App-14 .
Verse 14
for. Quoted in 1 Corinthians 1:19 .
wisdom. Hebrew. chakam. See notes on
understanding. Hebrew. binah. Proverbs 1:2 .
Verse 16
say. Compare Isaiah 45:9 .
Verse 18
book = scroll.
Verse 19
meek = oppressed.
poor = oppressed. Hebrew. 'ebyon. See note on Proverbs 6:11 .
the Holy One of Israel. See note on Isaiah 1:4 .
Verse 20
the terrible one = the tyrant.
Verse 21
make a man an offender for a word = who bring a man into condemnation by a word (i.e. by false witness).
reproveth = decideth: i.e. in judgment.
just = righteous.
a thing of nought. See note on "confusion", Isaiah 24:10 .
Verse 22
Abraham. Reference to Pentateuch, as well known. App-92 .
the house of Jacob. See note on Isaiah 2:5 .
his face . . . wax pale. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), for fear.
Verse 23
children = young children.
the God of Israel. This expression occurs seven times in Isaiah (here; Isaiah 41:17 ; Isaiah 45:3 , Isaiah 45:15 ; Isaiah 48:1 , Isaiah 48:2 ; Isaiah 52:12 ). Elsewhere twenty-nine times, without Jehovah preceding (Genesis 33:20 . Exodus 24:10 . Numbers 16:9 . Joshua 22:16 . 1Sa 1:17 ; 1 Samuel 5:7 , 1Sa 5:8 , 1 Samuel 5:8 , 1Sa 5:8 , 1 Samuel 5:10 , 1 Samuel 5:11 ; 1Sa 6:3 , 1 Samuel 6:5 ; 1 Samuel 25:32 . 2 Samuel 23:3 .Ezra 3:2 , &c.
Verse 24
shall come, &c. = shall know discernment.