Reigned from December 5, 1590 to October 16, 1591. Born in Somma, Italy on February 11, 1535; died in Rome, Italy on October 16, 1591. He was Bishop of Cremona, a participant in the sessions of the Council of Trent, cardinal-priest, and friend of Saint Charles Borromeo and Saint Philip Neri. As pope he supported the Holy League in its struggle against Henry of Navarre, ordered the abolition of Indian slavery in the Philippine Islands, and appointed commissions for the revision of the Sixtine Bible and the Pian Breviary.