an adjective, primarily denoting "hated" or "hateful" (akin to echthos, "hate;" perhaps associated with ektos, "outside"), hence, in the Active sense, denotes "hating, hostile;" it is used as a noun signifying an "enemy," adversary, and is said (a) of the Devil, Matthew 13:39; Luke 10:19; (b) of death, 1 Corinthians 15:26; (c) of the professing believer who would be a friend of the world, thus making himself an enemy of God, James 4:4; (d) of men who are opposed to Christ, Matthew 13:25,28; 22:44; Mark 12:36; Luke 19:27; 20:43; Acts 2:35; Romans 11:28; Philippians 3:18; Hebrews 1:13; 10:13; or to His servants, Revelation 11:5,12 : To the nation of Israel, Luke 1:71,74; 19:43; (e) of one who is opposed to righteousness, Acts 13:10; (f) of Israel in its alienation from God, Romans 11:28; (g) of the unregenerate in their attitude toward God, Romans 5:10; Colossians 1:21; (h) of believers in their former state, 2 Thessalonians 3:15; (i) of foes, Matthew 5:43,44; 10:36; Luke 6:27,35 : Romans 12:20; 1 Corinthians 15:25; of the Apostle Paul because he told converts "the truth," Galatians 4:16 . See FOE. Cp. echthra, "enmity."