2 Kings 9:37 (a) The word here compares the dead body of a wicked queen to the filth of the earth. A figure to express GOD's utter abhorrence of Jezebel.
Jeremiah 8:2 (a) It is GOD's description of how despicable the leaders of Israel were in His sight because of their wickedness.
Malachi 2:3 (a) GOD in this way expresses His utter abhorrence of the religion of apostate Israel. He thus describes His abhorrence of the religious ways of the priests and leaders of Israel because of their wickedness and sinfulness.
Luke 13:8 (b) In actual life, dung is used as fertilizer. In this parable, dung probably represents things in this life which are used to promote and help the growth of the things of GOD.
Philippians 3:8 (a) Paul uses this figure to show his utter contempt for the things in the world - things which he formerly had thought were profitable and helpful to him.