SHAMMAH . 1 . Son of Reuel, son of Esau, a tribal chief ( Genesis 36:13 ). 2 . Third son of Jesse, present when Samuel sought a successor to Saul ( 1 Samuel 16:9 ); with Saul in the battlefield when David visited the camp ( 1 Samuel 17:13 ). He is the same as Shimeah , father of Jonadab ( 2 Samuel 13:3 ), the Shimea of 1 Chronicles 2:16 , and the Shimei , father of Jonathan who slew the giant ( 2 Samuel 21:21 ). In 1 Chronicles 20:7 Jonathan is called son of Shimea. 3 . Son of Agee, a Hararite, one of the three mighty men of David. Alone he held the field against the Philistines ( 2 Samuel 23:11 ). The parallel passage, 1 Chronicles 11:10 f., wrongly attributes the feat to Eleazar. He is probably identical with ‘Shammah, the Harodite’ (Hararite) of 2 Samuel 23:25 . 2 Samuel 23:38 should read ‘Jonathan son of Shammah, the Hararite.’ In 1 Chronicles 11:34 , ‘son of Shage ’ is probably confused with ‘son of Agee.’ Read, with Lucian, ‘son of Jonathan.’ Shimei , son of Ela ( 1 Kings 4:18 ), should also appear here if we accept Lucian’s reading of ‘Ela’ for ‘Agee’ ( 2 Samuel 23:11 ). 4 . An officer in David’s employ, called Shammoth in 1 Chronicles 11:27 , and Shamhuth in 1 Chronicles 27:8 . Probably the same as No. 3 .
J. H. Stevenson.