General concessions made by the pope, who alone can grant something against the common law. Such are, properly speaking, only those mentioned in the Code of Canon Law, viz., the clerical privileges of protection against violence (privilegium canonis), of ecclesiastical court (privilegium fori), of personal immunity, of benefit in case of insolvency. They are not everywhere acknowledged. These privileges are shared by all clergymen and religious, also novices, and because attached to the status, cannot be waived by individuals. They are lost by degradation, deposition, and the reduction to the lay state.