An anti-intellectualist theory of knowledge, making the sole criterion of truth the consequences in satisfying human needs. Thought is primarily purposive; ideas count only for their value in our experience. These values are manifold: intellectual, satisfying the logical demand for consistency and objectivity; emotional, satisfying the fundamental aspirations of our nature; practical, beneficent consequences to action, personal utility, correspondence with sentient experience. All of these are essentially subjective. While William James presents it as a theory of knowledge, and as such it is practically synonomous with Schiller's humanism, it is allied to the metaphysics of pure experience. Its modern influence, at least direct, is negligible.