or Marghilan, a town of Asiatic Russia, situated in 40° 28' N. and 71° 45' E., the administrative centre of the province of Ferghana. Pop. (woo), 42,855, mostly Sarts, with Tajiks and Jews. It is a very old town, with high earthen walls and twelve gates, commanded by a fort. It lies in a beautiful, extraordinary fertile and well irrigated district. The heat in summer is excessive. The principal industry is the manufacture of silk; camels' hair and woollen fabrics are also made. The new Russian town, founded in 1877, is To m. distant to the south-east, and has a population (1897) of 8977.