This distinction is applied to Philippi in Macedonia (). Augustus Caesar had deported to Macedonia most of the Italian communities which had espoused the cause of Antony; by which means the towns of Philippi, Dyrrachium, etc. acquired the rank of Roman colonies, which possessed the privilege of a free municipal constitution, such as was customary in Italy, in exemption from personal and land taxes, and in the commerce of the soil, or the right of selling the land.