a Protestant theologian of Germany,, was born Oct. 1, 1797, at Hoyerswerda, in Upper Lusatia. He studied at Leipsic and Halle, and after passing his theological examination in 1817, he became tutor in a noble family. In 1821 he was promoted as doctor of philosophy; was appointed deacon at Eisleben in 1823, and advanced to the pastorate in the same place in 1829. In 1835 he was called to Hamburg; was honored in 1836 with the degree of D.D.; and was appointed in 1860 as senior of the Hamburg ministerium. He died Dec. 23, 1869. His theology was that of vulgar rationalism. His publications are mainly sermons, a list of which is given by Zuchold, Bibl. Theol. 1, 18-20. See Hamburger Correspondent, Jan. 12, 1870, No. 10. (B. P,)