a German Protestant theologian, was born at Erfurt, Jan. 20, 1756. He studied at Jena, and in 1780 was appointed rector of the school at St. Thomas and afternoon preacher. In 1782 he was called to the pastorate at Schwerborn, and in 1790 he went to Sommerda, where he died, Dec. 8, 1813. He published, Predigten zur Aufklarung der Volksreligion (Leipsic, 1782-94, 3 vols.): — Ueber die Strafen der Verdammten und deren Dauer (ibid. 1782-84): — Allgeneines Magazin fur Prediger nach den Bedurfnissen unserer Zeit (ibid. 1789-96, 12 vols.): — Die Geschichte der Urwelt in Predigten (ibid. 1795-1800, 4 vols.): — Museum fur Prediger (ibid. 1797-1800, 4 vols.), etc. See Doring, Die gelehrten Theologen Deutschlands, 1, 104 sq.; Winer, Handbuch der theol. Lit. i, 478; 2, 36, 48, 90, 116, 197 sq., 211, 216. (B. P.)