a Lutheran theologian of Germany, was born January 9, 1827, at Meinlingen. He studied at Gottingen and Jena, was in 1851 rector at his native place, in 1865 deacon, in 1870 first pastor, in 1882 member of the superior ecclesiastical council, and died December 25, 1884. He published, Das Leben Philipp Melanchthon's (2d ed. Meiningen, 1860): — Ausgewahlte Psalmen im Anschlusse an die Evangelien des Kirchenjahres ausgelegt (Halle, 1863): — Zur Charakteristik der deutschen Volksliteratur (a prize essay). See Zuchold, Bibl. Theol. s.v. (B.P.)