a German theologian, was born Oct. 24, 1733, at Kreussen, near Bayreuth. In 1761 he was deacon at Neustadt-an-der-Heide, in 1764 at Coburg; in 1770, professor of theology at Erlangen; in 1772, university preacher; in 1773, member of consistory and principal of an institute for morals and liberal arts, founded by himself at Erlangen. He died May 13, 1807. In theology he represented supranaturalistic views, which he also propagated both as a teacher and a writer. His writings, mostly practical, are many, and have often been republished. Of these we mention, Sermons (1769 sq.; 4th ed. 1798): — History of the Revealed. Religion (1772; 9th ed. 1800): — Bibl. Erbauungsbuch (Erlangen, 1785-94, 17 vols.): — Opuscula Academica (ibid. 1793), etc. See the Theol. Universal-Lexikon, s.v.; Koch, Geschichte des deutschen Kirchenliedes, 6, 223 sq.; Zuchold, Bibl. Theolog. p. 1215 sq.; Fü rst, Bibl. Jud. 3, 308. (B.P.)