A French Socialist, born at Madrid; started as a journalist, founded the Revue du Progrès , and published separately in 1840 "Organisation of Labour," which had already appeared in the Revue , a work which gained the favour of the working-classes; was member of the Provisional Government of 1848, and eventually of the National Assembly; threatened with impeachment, fled to England; returned to France on the fall of the Empire, and was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1871; wrote an "elaborate and well-written" "History of the French Revolution"; died at Cannes (1811-1882).