German physicist and author; born at Bromberg Nov. 17, 1859. Educated at Berlin, where he graduated as Ph.D., he was appointed high-school teacher; but on account of his socialistic convictions was compelled to resign his position. He then turned to journalism and became a prolific contributor to the daily press, popularizing physical and chemical problems, and reporting on discoveries, inventions, and the general progress of science. He has published three scientific treatises: "Das Höhenmessen mit der Barometer," "Wahrscheinlichkeitslehre," 1889; "Grundriss der Physik," 1892, second ed., 1900.