1. City, mentioned together with Babylon, Erech, and Accad as forming part of the Babylonian kingdom of Nimrod (Genesis 10:10). The exact site of Calneh is unknown. It has been identified with Nippur (modern Niffer) by Rawlinson on the ground of the Talmudic statement, "Calneh means Nippar" (Yoma 10a); but the basis is insufficient. Nor is the concurrent testimony of Targum, Eusebius, and Jerome sufficient for the equation Calneh = Ctesiphon. In recent times it has been proposed to identify Calneh with Kulunu (Zarilab, Zirlaba); but this, too, is doubtful. 2. A city mentioned in Amos 6:2, which may with some probability be identified with Kullani, conquered by Tiglath-pileser III., and represented by the modern Kullanhu, about six miles from Arpad.