An official in Sparta and in other parts of Greece. Officials called "ephori" were employed among the Jews: (1) in the service of the Temple at Jerusalem (Yoma 9a); (2) at Babylon (Yeb. 45b); (3) in the Byzantine empire, where an ephoros who supervised prices, weights, and measures ("Basilica," 1:42) was included in the organization of the Jewish community. Greek designations for Jewish offices are also found elsewhere in Greek countries; for instance, "didascalus" for rabbi (see "R E. J." 12:118), "sophoi" (σοφοί) for teachers (see "J. Q. R." 6:235).