Russian scholar; born at Wilna 1793; died at Telsh, government of Kovno, June 10, 1868. He was the son-in-law of Joshua Zeitels. Nathanson devoted himself to the study of ancient Hebrew literature, publishing the following works: "Ḳonṭres Ayyelet ha-Shaḥar," critical notes on certain chapters of the Midrash Tehillim (printed in "Pirḳe Ẓafon," 2:165-180); "Miktab 'al Debar Shemot Anashim," on Jewish proper names (ib. pp. 181-186); and a study on the Karaites (in "Debir," Wilna, 1864).