French army officer; born 1789; died 1855. After receiving a Talmudic training, he went to Mayence in 1806, and was admitted into the polytechnic school. He entered the army, and became a captain of artillery in 1813, and a major in 1835. He was in the retreat of 1848, and took part in the Crimean campaign, after which he retired with his family to Metz.