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Daniel's Training in Babylon

In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim^(a) king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar^(b) king of Babylon^(c) came to Jerusalem and besieged it.^(d)

And the Lord delivered Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand, along with some of the articles from the temple of God. These he carried^(e) off to the temple of his god in Babylonia^[a] and put in the treasure house of his god.^(f)

Then the king ordered Ashpenaz, chief of his court officials, to bring into the king's service some of the Israelites from the royal family and the nobility^(g)—

young men without any physical defect, handsome,^(h) showing aptitude for every kind of learning,⁽ⁱ⁾ well informed, quick to understand, and qualified to serve in the king's palace. He was to teach them the language^(j) and literature of the Babylonians.^[b]

The king assigned them a daily amount of food and wine^(k) from the king's table.^(l) They were to be trained for three years,^(m) and after that they were to enter the king's service.⁽ⁿ⁾

Among those who were chosen were some from Judah: Daniel,^(o) Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah.^(p)

The chief official gave them new names: to Daniel, the name Belteshazzar;^(q) to Hananiah, Shadrach; to Mishael, Meshach; and to Azariah, Abednego.^(r)

But Daniel resolved not to defile^(s) himself with the royal food and wine, and he asked the chief official for permission not to defile himself this way.

Now God had caused the official to show favor^(t) and compassion^(u) to Daniel,

but the official told Daniel, "I am afraid of my lord the king, who has assigned your^[c] food and drink.^(v) Why should he see you looking worse than the other young men your age? The king would then have my head because of you."

Daniel then said to the guard whom the chief official had appointed over Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah,

"Please test^(w) your servants for ten days: Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink.

Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see."^(x)

So he agreed to this and tested^(y) them for ten days.

At the end of the ten days they looked healthier and better nourished than any of the young men who ate the royal food.^(z)

So the guard took away their choice food and the wine they were to drink and gave them vegetables instead.^(aa)

To these four young men God gave knowledge and understanding^(ab) of all kinds of literature and learning.^(ac) And Daniel could understand visions and dreams of all kinds.^(ad)

At the end of the time^(ae) set by the king to bring them into his service, the chief official presented them to Nebuchadnezzar.

The king talked with them, and he found none equal to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah; so they entered the king's service.^(af)

In every matter of wisdom and understanding about which the king questioned them, he found them ten times better than all the magicians^(ag) and enchanters in his whole kingdom.^(ah)

And Daniel remained there until the first year of King Cyrus.^(ai)

Nebuchadnezzar's Dream

In the second year of his reign, Nebuchadnezzar had dreams;^(a) his mind was troubled^(b) and he could not sleep.^(c)

So the king summoned the magicians,^(d) enchanters, sorcerers^(e) and astrologers^[a](f) to tell him what he had dreamed.^(g) When they came in and stood before the king,

he said to them, "I have had a dream that troubles^(h) me and I want to know what it means.^[b]"

Then the astrologers answered the king,^[c](i) "May the king live forever!^(j) Tell your servants the dream, and we will interpret it."

The king replied to the astrologers, "This is what I have firmly decided:^(k) If you do not tell me what my dream was and interpret it, I will have you cut into pieces^(l) and your houses turned into piles of rubble.^(m)

But if you tell me the dream and explain it, you will receive from me gifts and rewards and great honor.⁽ⁿ⁾ So tell me the dream and interpret it for me."

Once more they replied, "Let the king tell his servants the dream, and we will interpret it."

Then the king answered, "I am certain that you are trying to gain time, because you realize that this is what I have firmly decided:

If you do not tell me the dream, there is only one penalty^(o) for you. You have conspired to tell me misleading and wicked things, hoping the situation will change. So then, tell me the dream, and I will know that you can interpret it for me."^(p)

The astrologers^(q) answered the king, "There is no one on earth who can do what the king asks! No king, however great and mighty, has ever asked such a thing of any magician or enchanter or astrologer.^(r)

What the king asks is too difficult. No one can reveal it to the king except the gods,^(s) and they do not live among humans."

This made the king so angry and furious^(t) that he ordered the execution^(u) of all the wise men of Babylon.

So the decree was issued to put the wise men to death, and men were sent to look for Daniel and his friends to put them to death.^(v)

When Arioch, the commander of the king's guard, had gone out to put to death the wise men of Babylon, Daniel spoke to him with wisdom and tact.

He asked the king's officer, "Why did the king issue such a harsh decree?" Arioch then explained the matter to Daniel.

At this, Daniel went in to the king and asked for time, so that he might interpret the dream for him.

Then Daniel returned to his house and explained the matter to his friends Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah.^(w)

He urged them to plead for mercy^(x) from the God of heaven^(y) concerning this mystery,^(z) so that he and his friends might not be executed with the rest of the wise men of Babylon.

During the night the mystery^(aa) was revealed to Daniel in a vision.^(ab) Then Daniel praised the God of heaven^(ac)

and said: "Praise be to the name of God for ever and ever;^(ad) wisdom and power^(ae) are his.

He changes times and seasons;^(af) he deposes^(ag) kings and raises up others.^(ah) He gives wisdom^(ai) to the wise and knowledge to the discerning.^(aj)

He reveals deep and hidden things;^(ak) he knows what lies in darkness,^(al) and light^(am) dwells with him.

I thank and praise you, God of my ancestors:^(an) You have given me wisdom^(ao) and power, you have made known to me what we asked of you, you have made known to us the dream of the king.^(ap)"

Then Daniel went to Arioch,^(aq) whom the king had appointed to execute the wise men of Babylon, and said to him, "Do not execute the wise men of Babylon. Take me to the king, and I will interpret his dream for him."

Arioch took Daniel to the king at once and said, "I have found a man among the exiles^(ar) from Judah^(as) who can tell the king what his dream means."

The king asked Daniel (also called Belteshazzar),^(at) "Are you able to tell me what I saw in my dream and interpret it?"

Daniel replied, "No wise man, enchanter, magician or diviner can explain to the king the mystery he has asked about,^(au)

but there is a God in heaven who reveals mysteries.^(av) He has shown King Nebuchadnezzar what will happen in days to come.^(aw) Your dream and the visions that passed through your mind^(ax) as you were lying in bed^(ay) are these:^(az)

"As Your Majesty was lying there, your mind turned to things to come, and the revealer of mysteries showed you what is going to happen.^(ba)

As for me, this mystery has been revealed^(bb) to me, not because I have greater wisdom than anyone else alive, but so that Your Majesty may know the interpretation and that you may understand what went through your mind.