Study Desk

A good name is better than fine perfume,^(a) and the day of death better than the day of birth.^(b)

It is better to go to a house of mourning than to go to a house of feasting, for death^(c) is the destiny^(d) of everyone; the living should take this to heart.

Frustration is better than laughter,^(e) because a sad face is good for the heart.

The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning, but the heart of fools is in the house of pleasure.^(f)

It is better to heed the rebuke^(g) of a wise person than to listen to the song of fools.

Like the crackling of thorns^(h) under the pot, so is the laughter⁽ⁱ⁾ of fools. This too is meaningless.

Extortion turns a wise person into a fool, and a bribe^(j) corrupts the heart.

The end of a matter is better than its beginning, and patience^(k) is better than pride.

Do not be quickly provoked^(l) in your spirit, for anger resides in the lap of fools.^(m)

Do not say, "Why were the old days⁽ⁿ⁾ better than these?" For it is not wise to ask such questions.

Wisdom, like an inheritance, is a good thing^(o) and benefits those who see the sun.^(p)

Wisdom is a shelter as money is a shelter, but the advantage of knowledge is this: Wisdom preserves those who have it.

Consider what God has done:^(q) Who can straighten what he has made crooked?^(r)

When times are good, be happy; but when times are bad, consider this: God has made the one as well as the other.^(s) Therefore, no one can discover anything about their future.

In this meaningless life^(t) of mine I have seen both of these: the righteous perishing in their righteousness, and the wicked living long in their wickedness.^(u)

Do not be overrighteous, neither be overwise— why destroy yourself?

Do not be overwicked, and do not be a fool— why die before your time?^(v)

It is good to grasp the one and not let go of the other. Whoever fears God^(w) will avoid all extremes.^[a]

Wisdom^(x) makes one wise person more powerful^(y) than ten rulers in a city.

Indeed, there is no one on earth who is righteous,^(z) no one who does what is right and never sins.^(aa)

Do not pay attention to every word people say, or you^(ab) may hear your servant cursing you—

for you know in your heart that many times you yourself have cursed others.

All this I tested by wisdom and I said, "I am determined to be wise"^(ac)— but this was beyond me.

Whatever exists is far off and most profound— who can discover it?^(ad)

So I turned my mind to understand, to investigate and to search out wisdom and the scheme of things^(ae) and to understand the stupidity of wickedness and the madness of folly.^(af)

I find more bitter than death the woman who is a snare,^(ag) whose heart is a trap and whose hands are chains. The man who pleases God will escape her, but the sinner she will ensnare.^(ah)

"Look," says the Teacher,^[b](ai) "this is what I have discovered: "Adding one thing to another to discover the scheme of things—

while I was still searching but not finding— I found one upright man among a thousand, but not one upright woman^(aj) among them all.

This only have I found: God created mankind upright, but they have gone in search of many schemes."

Who is like the wise? Who knows the explanation of things? A person's wisdom brightens their face and changes its hard appearance.

Obey the king's command, I say, because you took an oath before God.

Do not be in a hurry to leave the king's presence.^(a) Do not stand up for a bad cause, for he will do whatever he pleases.

Since a king's word is supreme, who can say to him, "What are you doing?^(b)"

Whoever obeys his command will come to no harm, and the wise heart will know the proper time and procedure.

For there is a proper time and procedure for every matter,^(c) though a person may be weighed down by misery.

Since no one knows the future, who can tell someone else what is to come?

As no one has power over the wind to contain it, so^[a] no one has power over the time of their death. As no one is discharged in time of war, so wickedness will not release those who practice it.

All this I saw, as I applied my mind to everything done under the sun. There is a time when a man lords it over others to his own^[b] hurt.

Then too, I saw the wicked buried^(d)—those who used to come and go from the holy place and receive praise^[c] in the city where they did this. This too is meaningless.

When the sentence for a crime is not quickly carried out, people's hearts are filled with schemes to do wrong.

Although a wicked person who commits a hundred crimes may live a long time, I know that it will go better^(e) with those who fear God,^(f) who are reverent before him.^(g)

Yet because the wicked do not fear God,^(h) it will not go well with them, and their days⁽ⁱ⁾ will not lengthen like a shadow.

There is something else meaningless that occurs on earth: the righteous who get what the wicked deserve, and the wicked who get what the righteous deserve.^(j) This too, I say, is meaningless.^(k)

So I commend the enjoyment of life^(l), because there is nothing better for a person under the sun than to eat and drink^(m) and be glad.⁽ⁿ⁾ Then joy will accompany them in their toil all the days of the life God has given them under the sun.

When I applied my mind to know wisdom^(o) and to observe the labor that is done on earth^(p)—people getting no sleep day or night—

then I saw all that God has done.^(q) No one can comprehend what goes on under the sun. Despite all their efforts to search it out, no one can discover its meaning. Even if the wise claim they know, they cannot really comprehend it.^(r)

A Common Destiny for All

So I reflected on all this and concluded that the righteous and the wise and what they do are in God's hands, but no one knows whether love or hate awaits them.^(a)

All share a common destiny—the righteous and the wicked, the good and the bad,^[a] the clean and the unclean, those who offer sacrifices and those who do not. As it is with the good, so with the sinful; as it is with those who take oaths, so with those who are afraid to take them.^(b)

This is the evil in everything that happens under the sun: The same destiny overtakes all.^(c) The hearts of people, moreover, are full of evil and there is madness in their hearts while they live,^(d) and afterward they join the dead.^(e)

Anyone who is among the living has hope^[b]—even a live dog is better off than a dead lion!

For the living know that they will die, but the dead know nothing;^(f) they have no further reward, and even their name^(g) is forgotten.^(h)

Their love, their hate and their jealousy have long since vanished; never again will they have a part in anything that happens under the sun.⁽ⁱ⁾

Go, eat your food with gladness, and drink your wine^(j) with a joyful heart,^(k) for God has already approved what you do.

Always be clothed in white,^(l) and always anoint your head with oil.

Enjoy life with your wife,^(m) whom you love, all the days of this meaningless life that God has given you under the sun—all your meaningless days. For this is your lot⁽ⁿ⁾ in life and in your toilsome labor under the sun.

Whatever^(o) your hand finds to do, do it with all your might,^(p) for in the realm of the dead,^(q) where you are going, there is neither working nor planning nor knowledge nor wisdom.^(r)

I have seen something else under the sun: The race is not to the swift or the battle to the strong,^(s) nor does food come to the wise^(t) or wealth to the brilliant or favor to the learned; but time and chance^(u) happen to them all.^(v)

Moreover, no one knows when their hour will come: As fish are caught in a cruel net, or birds are taken in a snare, so people are trapped by evil times^(w) that fall unexpectedly upon them.^(x)

I also saw under the sun this example of wisdom^(y) that greatly impressed me:

There was once a small city with only a few people in it. And a powerful king came against it, surrounded it and built huge siege works against it.

Now there lived in that city a man poor but wise, and he saved the city by his wisdom. But nobody remembered that poor man.^(z)

So I said, "Wisdom is better than strength." But the poor man's wisdom is despised, and his words are no longer heeded.^(aa)

The quiet words of the wise are more to be heeded than the shouts of a ruler of fools.

Wisdom^(ab) is better than weapons of war, but one sinner destroys much good.