Study Desk

When the ark of the Lord had been in the land of the Philistines for seven months,

the Philistines summoned the priests and the diviners^(a) and pleaded, "What should we do with the ark of the Lord ? Tell us how we can send it back to its place."

They replied, "If you send the ark of Israel's God away, you must not send it without an offering.^(b) You must send back a restitution offering to Him,^(c) and you will be healed. Then the reason His hand hasn't been removed from you will be revealed."^[a]

They asked, "What restitution offering should we send back to Him?" And they answered, "Five gold tumors and five gold mice^(d) corresponding to the number of Philistine rulers,^(e) since there was one plague for both you^[b] and your rulers.

Make images of your tumors and of your mice that are destroying the land. Give glory to Israel's God,^(f) and perhaps He will stop oppressing you,^[c](g) your gods, and your land.^(h)

Why harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened theirs?⁽ⁱ⁾ When He afflicted them, didn't they send Israel away, and Israel left?^(j)

"Now then, prepare one new cart and two milk cows that have never been yoked.^(k) Hitch the cows to the cart, but take their calves away and pen them up.

Take the ark of the Lord , place it on the cart, and put the gold objects that you're sending Him as a restitution offering in a box^(l) beside the ark.^(m) Send it off and let it go its way.

Then watch: If it goes up the road to its homeland toward Beth-shemesh,⁽ⁿ⁾ it is the Lord who has made this terrible trouble for us. However, if it doesn't, we will know that it was not His hand that punished^(o) us—it was just something that happened to us by chance."

The men did this: They took two milk cows, hitched them to the cart, and confined their calves in the pen.

Then they put the ark of the Lord on the cart, along with the box containing the gold mice and the images of their tumors.

The cows went straight up the road to Beth-shemesh.^(p) They stayed on that one highway,^(q) lowing as they went; they never strayed to the right or to the left. The Philistine rulers were walking behind them to the territory of Beth-shemesh.

The people of Beth-shemesh were harvesting wheat in the valley, and when they looked up and saw the ark, they were overjoyed to see it.

The cart came to the field of Joshua of Beth-shemesh and stopped there near a large rock. The people of the city chopped up the cart and offered the cows as a burnt offering to the Lord .^(r)

The Levites^(s) removed the ark of the Lord , along with the box containing the gold objects, and placed them on the large rock. That day the men of Beth-shemesh offered burnt offerings and made sacrifices to the Lord .

When the five Philistine rulers^(t) observed this, they returned to Ekron that same day.

As a restitution offering to the Lord , the Philistines had sent back one gold tumor for each city:^(u) Ashdod, Gaza, Ashkelon, Gath, and Ekron.

The number of gold mice also corresponded to the number of Philistine cities of the five rulers, the fortified cities and the outlying villages.^(v) The large rock^[d](w) on which the ark of the Lord was placed is in the field of Joshua of Beth-shemesh to this day.

God struck down the men of Beth-shemesh because they looked inside the ark of the Lord .^[e](x) He struck down 70 men out of 50,000 men.^[f] The people mourned because the Lord struck them with a great slaughter.

The men of Beth-shemesh asked, "Who is able to stand in the presence of this holy Lord God?^(y) Who should the ark go to from here?"

They sent messengers to the residents of Kiriath-jearim,^(z) saying, "The Philistines have returned the ark of the Lord . Come down and get it."^[g]

So the men of Kiriath-jearim came for the ark of the Lord and took it to Abinadab's house on the hill.^(a) They consecrated his son Eleazar to take care of it.

Time went by until 20 years had passed since the ark had been taken to Kiriath-jearim. Then the whole house of Israel began to seek the Lord .

Samuel told them, "If you^(b) are returning to the Lord ^(c) with all your heart,^(d) get rid of the foreign gods^(e) and the Ashtoreths that are among you, dedicate yourselves to^[a] the Lord , and worship only Him.^(f) Then He will rescue you from the hand of the Philistines."

So the Israelites removed the Baals and the Ashtoreths^(g) and only worshiped the Lord .

Samuel said, "Gather all Israel at Mizpah,^(h) and I will pray to the Lord on your behalf."⁽ⁱ⁾

When they gathered at Mizpah, they drew water and poured it out in the Lord 's presence.^(j) They fasted that day,^(k) and there they confessed, "We have sinned against the Lord ."^(l) And Samuel judged the Israelites at Mizpah.

When the Philistines heard that the Israelites had gathered at Mizpah, their rulers marched up toward Israel. When the Israelites heard about it, they were afraid because of the Philistines.

The Israelites said to Samuel, "Don't stop crying out to the Lord our God for us, so that He will save us from the hand of the Philistines."

Then Samuel took a young lamb^(m) and offered it as a whole burnt offering to the Lord . He cried out to the Lord on behalf of Israel, and the Lord answered him.⁽ⁿ⁾

Samuel was offering the burnt offering as the Philistines drew near to fight against Israel. The Lord thundered loudly^(o) against the Philistines that day and threw them into such confusion that they fled before Israel.^(p)

Then the men of Israel charged out of Mizpah and pursued the Philistines striking them down all the way to a place below Beth-car.

Afterward, Samuel took a stone and set it upright^(q) between Mizpah and Shen. He named it Ebenezer,^[b] explaining, "The Lord has helped us to this point."

So the Philistines were subdued^(r) and^[c] did not invade Israel's territory again.^(s) The Lord 's hand was against the Philistines all of Samuel's life.

The cities from Ekron to Gath, which they had taken from Israel, were restored; Israel even rescued their surrounding territories from Philistine control. There was also peace between Israel and the Amorites.

Samuel judged Israel throughout his life.^(t)

Every year he would go on a circuit to Bethel, Gilgal, and Mizpah and would judge Israel at all these locations.

Then he would return to Ramah^(u) because his home was there, he judged Israel there, and he built an altar to the Lord there.