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Complete Jewish Bible

Numbers 35:11

you are to designate for yourselves cities that will be cities of refuge for you, to which anyone who kills someone by mistake can flee.

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Homicide;   Refuge;   Thompson Chain Reference - Slayer, the;   Torrey's Topical Textbook - Cities of Refuge;   Homicide;  

Dictionaries:

- American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Levites;   Murder;   Punishments;   Refuge, Cities of;   Bridgeway Bible Dictionary - City of refuge;   Baker Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology - Kill, Killing;   Kinsman-Redeemer;   Motives;   Punishment;   Easton Bible Dictionary - City;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Pentateuch;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Avenger;   Cities of Refuge;   Manslayer;   Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Clean and Unclean;   Kin;   Numbers, Book of;   Refuge, Cities of;   The Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary - Levi;   Refuge;   Smith Bible Dictionary - Law of Moses;   Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary - Refuge;  

Encyclopedias:

- Condensed Biblical Cyclopedia - On to Canaan;   Conquest of Canaan;   International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Appoint;   Assassination;   Homicide;   Ignorance;   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Asylum;   Avenger of Blood;   Priestly Code;  

Parallel Translations

Hebrew Names Version
then you shall appoint you cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer who kills any person unwittingly may flee there.
King James Version
Then ye shall appoint you cities to be cities of refuge for you; that the slayer may flee thither, which killeth any person at unawares.
Lexham English Bible
you will select for yourselves cities for your cities of refuge, that a killer who has killed a person unintentionally can flee there.
English Standard Version
then you shall select cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer who kills any person without intent may flee there.
New Century Version
you must choose cities to be cities of safety, so that a person who accidentally kills someone may run to them for safety.
New English Translation
you must then designate some towns as towns of refuge for you, to which a person who has killed someone unintentionally may flee.
Amplified Bible
then you shall select for yourselves cities to be cities of refuge, so that the one who kills any person unintentionally may escape there.
New American Standard Bible
then you shall select for yourselves cities to be your cities of refuge, so that the one who commits manslaughter by killing a person unintentionally may flee there.
Geneva Bible (1587)
Ye shall appoint you cities, to bee cities of refuge for you, that the slayer, which slayeth any person vnwares, may flee thither.
Legacy Standard Bible
then you shall select for yourselves cities to be your cities of refuge, that the manslayer who has struck down any person unintentionally may flee there.
Contemporary English Version
choose Safe Towns, where a person who has accidentally killed someone can run for protection.
Darby Translation
then ye shall appoint for yourselves cities: cities of refuge shall they be for you; that a manslayer may flee thither, who without intent smiteth a person mortally.
Easy-to-Read Version
You must choose towns to be cities of safety. If someone accidentally kills another person, that person can run to one of those towns for safety.
George Lamsa Translation
Then you shall select for yourselves cities to he cities of refuge for you; that the person who kills someone unawares may flee there.
Good News Translation
you are to choose cities of refuge to which any of you can escape if you kill someone accidentally.
Christian Standard Bible®
designate cities to serve as cities of refuge for you, so that a person who kills someone unintentionally may flee there.
Literal Translation
then you shall choose cities to be cities of refuge for you, so that the manslayer may flee there, he that kills a person through error.
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
ye shall chose out cities to be fre cities, yt who so comytteth slaughter vnawarres, maye flye thither.
American Standard Version
then ye shall appoint you cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer that killeth any person unwittingly may flee thither.
Bible in Basic English
Then let certain towns be marked out as safe places to which anyone who takes the life of another in error may go in flight.
Bishop's Bible (1568)
Ye shall appoint you cities, to be cities of refuge for you: that he whiche sleeth a person vnwares, may flee thyther.
JPS Old Testament (1917)
then ye shall appoint you cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer that killeth any person through error may flee thither.
King James Version (1611)
Then ye shall appoint you cities, to be cities of refuge for you; that the slayer may flee thither which killeth any person at vnawares.
Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
And ye shall appoint to yourselves cities: they shall be to you cities of refuge for the slayer to flee to, every one who has killed another unintentionally.
English Revised Version
then ye shall appoint you cities to be cities of refuge for you; that the manslayer which killeth any person unwittingly may flee thither.
Berean Standard Bible
designate cities to serve as your cities of refuge, so that a person who kills someone unintentionally may flee there.
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
deme ye whiche citees owen to be in to the helpis of fugityues, whiche not wilfuli han sched blood.
Young's Literal Translation
and have prepared to yourselves cities -- cities of refuge they are to you -- then fled thither hath a man-slayer, smiting a person unawares,
Update Bible Version
then you shall appoint yourselves cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer that kills any person unwittingly may flee there.
Webster's Bible Translation
Then ye shall appoint for you cities to be cities of refuge for you; that the slayer may flee thither, who killeth any person at unawares.
World English Bible
then you shall appoint you cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer who kills any person unwittingly may flee there.
New King James Version
then you shall appoint cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer who kills any person accidentally may flee there.
New Living Translation
designate cities of refuge to which people can flee if they have killed someone accidentally.
New Life Bible
choose which cities are to be the ones where you can run to be safe. The man who has killed a person without meaning to may run there.
New Revised Standard
then you shall select cities to be cities of refuge for you, so that a slayer who kills a person without intent may flee there.
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
then shall ye find for you, convenient cities, cities of refuge, shall they be unto you, - and the manslayer, who hath slain a person, by mistake, shall flee thither.
Douay-Rheims Bible
Determine what cities shall be for the refuge of fugitives, who have shed blood against their will.
Revised Standard Version
then you shall select cities to be cities of refuge for you, that the manslayer who kills any person without intent may flee there.
New American Standard Bible (1995)
then you shall select for yourselves cities to be your cities of refuge, that the manslayer who has killed any person unintentionally may flee there.

Contextual Overview

9 (RY: vii, LY: vi) Adonai said to Moshe, 10 "Tell the people of Isra'el, ‘When you cross the Yarden into the land of Kena‘an, 11 you are to designate for yourselves cities that will be cities of refuge for you, to which anyone who kills someone by mistake can flee. 12 These cities are to be a refuge for you from the dead person's next-of-kin, who might otherwise avenge his kinsman's death by slaying the killer prior to his standing trial before the community. 13 In regard to the cities you are to give, there are to be six cities of refuge for you. 14 You are to give three cities east of the Yarden and three cities in the land of Kena‘an; they will be cities of refuge. 15 These six cities will serve as refuge for the people of Isra'el, as well as for the foreigner and resident alien with them; so that anyone who kills someone by mistake may flee there. 16 "‘However, if he hits him with an iron implement and thus causes his death, he is a murderer; the murderer must be put to death. 17 Or if he hits him with a stone in his hand big enough to kill someone, and he dies, he is a murderer; the murderer must be put to death. 18 Or if he hits him with a wood utensil in his hand capable of killing someone, and he dies, he is a murderer; the murderer must be put to death.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

ye shall appoint: As the goel, or kinsman, had a right to avenge the death of his relation, by slaying the murderer wherever he found him, the appointment of these cities was a humane institution for the protection of the involuntary homicide; for they were designed only for the protection of such Numbers 35:6, Joshua 20:2

unawares: Heb. by error, Numbers 35:22, Numbers 35:23, Exodus 21:13, Deuteronomy 4:42, Deuteronomy 19:4, Deuteronomy 19:5

Reciprocal: Deuteronomy 17:8 - between blood 2 Kings 7:7 - and fled for their life Hebrews 6:18 - who

Cross-References

Genesis 9:1
God blessed Noach and his sons and said to them, "Be fruitful, multiply and fill the earth.
Genesis 12:2
I will make of you a great nation, I will bless you, and I will make your name great; and you are to be a blessing.
Genesis 13:16
and I will make your descendants as numerous as the specks of dust on the earth — so that if a person can count the specks of dust on the earth, then your descendants can be counted.
Genesis 15:5
Then he brought him outside and said, "Look up at the sky, and count the stars — if you can count them! Your descendants will be that many!"
Genesis 17:16
I will bless her; moreover, I will give you a son by her. Truly I will bless her: she will be a mother of nations; kings of peoples will come from her."
Genesis 18:14
Is anything too hard for Adonai ? At the time set for it, at this season next year, I will return to you; and Sarah will have a son."
Genesis 18:18
inasmuch as Avraham is sure to become a great and strong nation, and all the nations of the earth will be blessed by him?
Genesis 22:17
I will most certainly bless you; and I will most certainly increase your descendants to as many as there are stars in the sky or grains of sand on the seashore. Your descendants will possess the cities of their enemies,
Genesis 28:14
Your descendants will be as numerous as the grains of dust on the earth. You will expand to the west and to the east, to the north and to the south. By you and your descendants all the families of the earth will be blessed.
Genesis 32:12
Please! Rescue me from my brother ‘Esav! I'm afraid of him, afraid he'll come and attack me, without regard for mothers or children.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

Then ye shall appoint your cities to be cities of refuge for you,.... And, according to the Jewish writers i, these were neither to be made large nor little, but middling; and they appointed them where there were markets and fairs, at which goods were to be sold; and where there was plenty of water, and a multitude of people; and where there were but few, they fetched others from other places; and they neither made nets for hunting, nor twisted ropes in them, nor sold any warlike instruments, lest the avenger of blood should use himself to come thither, under pretence of buying such things, and kill the manslayer:

that the slayer may flee thither, which killeth any person at unawares; or through error k, or mistake, not on purpose, with design, or through malice and enmity, as is afterwards more largely explained.

i Maimon. Rotzeach, c. 8. sect. 8. Vid. T. Bab. Maccot, fol. 10. 1. k בשגגה "per errorem", Pagninus, Junius Tremellius, Piscator "per imprudentiam", Tigurine version: Vatablus; "in ignorantia", Montanus.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Numbers 35:11. Ye shall appoint - cities of refuge — The cities of refuge among the Israelites were widely different from the asyla among the Greeks and Romans, as also from the privileged altars among the Roman Catholics. Those among the Hebrews were for the protection of such only as had slain a person involuntarily. The temples and altars among the latter often served for the protection of the most profligate characters. Cities of refuge among the Hebrews were necessary, because the old patriarchal law still remained in force, viz., that the nearest akin had a right to avenge the death of his relation by slaying the murderer; for the original law enacted that whosoever shed man's blood, by man should his blood be shed, Genesis 9:6, and none was judged so proper to execute this law as the man who was nearest akin to the deceased. As many rash executions of this law might take place, from the very nature of the thing, it was deemed necessary to qualify its claims, and prevent injustice; and the cities of refuge were judged proper for this purpose. Nor do we ever read that they were ever found inefficient, or that they were ever abused.


 
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