Lectionary Calendar
Wednesday, July 9th, 2025
the Week of Proper 9 / Ordinary 14
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Good News Translation

1 Kings 9:20

For his forced labor Solomon used the descendants of the people of Canaan whom the Israelites had not killed when they took possession of their land. These included Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, whose descendants continue to be slaves down to the present time.

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Amorites;   Hittites;   Jebusites;   Thompson Chain Reference - Hivites;   Torrey's Topical Textbook - Amorites, the;   Hittites;   Hivites;   Nethinim;   Strangers in Israel;  

Dictionaries:

- American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Canaanites;   Egypt;   Nethinim;   Perizzites;   Stranger;   Bridgeway Bible Dictionary - Amorites;   Hittites;   Hivites;   Perizzites;   Slave;   Baker Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology - War, Holy War;   Easton Bible Dictionary - Canaanites;   Hivites;   Perizzites;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Canaan;   Jebus;   Judges, the Book of;   Nethinim;   Perizzite;   Solomon;   Solomon's Servants;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Amorites;   Economic Life;   Hittites and Hivites;   Jebusites;   Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Alliance;   Israel;   Nethinim;   Slave, Slavery;   Solomon;   Morrish Bible Dictionary - Amorites ;   Hiram ;   Hivites ;   Perizzites ;   People's Dictionary of the Bible - Hittites;   Hivites;   Millo;   Perizzites;   Smith Bible Dictionary - Law of Moses;   Red Sea;   Solomon's Servants;   Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary - Gibeon;   Judea;   Nethinims;   Perizzites;  

Encyclopedias:

- International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Jerusalem;   King;   Solomon's Servants;   Stranger and Sojourner (in the Old Testament);   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Aliens;   Amorites;  

Parallel Translations

Christian Standard Bible®
As for all the peoples who remained of the Amorites, Hethites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, who were not Israelites—
Hebrew Names Version
As for all the people who were left of the Amori, the Hitti, the Perizzi, the Hivvi, and the Yevusi, who were not of the children of Yisra'el;
King James Version
And all the people that were left of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, which were not of the children of Israel,
English Standard Version
All the people who were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the people of Israel—
New Century Version
There were other people in the land who were not Israelites—Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
New English Translation
Now several non-Israelite peoples were left in the land after the conquest of Joshua, including the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
Amplified Bible
As for all the people who were left of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, who were not of the sons (descendants) of Israel,
New American Standard Bible
As for all the people who were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the sons of Israel,
Geneva Bible (1587)
Al the people that were left of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hiuites, and Iebusites, which were not of the children of Israel:
Legacy Standard Bible
As for all the people who were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites, who were not of the sons of Israel,
Contemporary English Version
Solomon did not force the Israelites to do his work. They were his soldiers, officials, leaders, commanders, chariot captains, and chariot drivers. But he did make slaves of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites who were living in Israel. These were the descendants of those foreigners the Israelites could not destroy, and they remained Israel's slaves.
Complete Jewish Bible
All the people still left from the Emori, Hitti, P'rizi, Hivi, and Y'vusi, who were not part of the people of Isra'el,
Darby Translation
All the people that were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the children of Israel,
Easy-to-Read Version
There were people left in the land who were not Israelites. There were Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
George Lamsa Translation
And all the people who were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the children of Israel,
Lexham English Bible
All of the people who were remaining from the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites who were not of the Israelites,
Literal Translation
All the people that were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites who were not of the sons of Israel,
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
And all the remnaunt of the people of the Amorytes, Hethites, Pheresites, Heuites and Iebusites, which were not of the children of Israel,
American Standard Version
As for all the people that were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the children of Israel;
Bible in Basic English
As for the rest of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not children of Israel;
Bishop's Bible (1568)
And al the people that were left of the Amorites, Hethites, Pherezites, Heuites and Iebusites, whiche were not of the children of Israel,
JPS Old Testament (1917)
All the people that were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the children of Israel;
King James Version (1611)
And all the people that were left of the Amorites, Hittittes, Perizzites, Hiuites, and Iebusites, which were not of the children of Israel,
English Revised Version
As for all the people that were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, which were not of the children of Israel;
Berean Standard Bible
As for all the people who remained of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites (the people who were not Israelites)-
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
Salomon made tributaries `til to this dai al the puple, that lefte of Ammorreis, Etheis, and Fereseis, and Eueys, and Jebuseys, that ben not of the sones of Israel,
Young's Literal Translation
The whole of the people that is left of the Amorite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, who [are] not of the sons of Israel --
Update Bible Version
As for all the people that were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the sons of Israel;
Webster's Bible Translation
[And] all the people [that were] left of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, who [were] not of the children of Israel,
World English Bible
As for all the people who were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the children of Israel;
New King James Version
All the people who were left of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, who were not of the children of Israel--
New Living Translation
There were still some people living in the land who were not Israelites, including Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
New Life Bible
Now there were people left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites, who were not of the people of Israel.
New Revised Standard
All the people who were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, who were not of the people of Israel—
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
All the people that were left, of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites, who were, not of the sons of Israel;
Douay-Rheims Bible
All the people that were left of the Amorrhites, and Hethites, and Pherezites, and Hevites, and Jebusites, that are not of the children of Israel:
Revised Standard Version
All the people who were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Per'izzites, the Hivites, and the Jeb'usites, who were not of the people of Israel--
THE MESSAGE
The remnants from the original inhabitants of the land (Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites—all non-Israelites), survivors of the holy wars, were rounded up by Solomon for his gangs of slave labor, a policy still in effect. But true Israelites were not treated this way; they were used in his army and administration—government leaders and commanders of his chariots and charioteers. They were also the project managers responsible for Solomon's building operations—550 of them in charge of the workforce.
New American Standard Bible (1995)
As for all the people who were left of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites, who were not of the sons of Israel,

Contextual Overview

15 King Solomon used forced labor to build the Temple and the palace, to fill in land on the east side of the city, and to build the city wall. He also used it to rebuild the cities of Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer. 16 (The king of Egypt had attacked Gezer and captured it, killing its inhabitants and setting fire to the city. Then he gave it as a wedding present to his daughter when she married Solomon, 17 and Solomon rebuilt it.) Using his forced labor, Solomon also rebuilt Lower Beth Horon, 18 Baalath, Tamar in the wilderness of Judah, 19 the cities where his supplies were kept, the cities for his horses and chariots, and everything else he wanted to build in Jerusalem, in Lebanon, and elsewhere in his kingdom. 20For his forced labor Solomon used the descendants of the people of Canaan whom the Israelites had not killed when they took possession of their land. These included Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, whose descendants continue to be slaves down to the present time. 22 Solomon did not make slaves of Israelites; they served as his soldiers, officers, commanders, chariot captains, and cavalry. 23 There were 550 officials in charge of the forced labor working on Solomon's various building projects. 24 Solomon filled in the land on the east side of the city, after his wife, the daughter of the king of Egypt, had moved from David's City to the palace Solomon built for her. 25 Three times a year Solomon offered burnt offerings and fellowship offerings on the altar he had built to the Lord . He also burned incense to the Lord . And so he finished building the Temple.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

left: 2 Chronicles 8:7, 2 Chronicles 8:8-18

Amorites: Genesis 15:19-21, Exodus 23:23, Exodus 23:28-33, Exodus 34:11, Exodus 34:12, Deuteronomy 7:1-3

Reciprocal: Genesis 9:25 - a servant Joshua 9:8 - General 1 Kings 5:15 - threescore 1 Chronicles 1:15 - Hivite 1 Chronicles 22:2 - the strangers 2 Chronicles 2:17 - numbered Psalms 72:9 - They that Ecclesiastes 2:7 - servants

Cross-References

Genesis 3:23
So the Lord God sent them out of the Garden of Eden and made them cultivate the soil from which they had been formed.
Genesis 4:2
Later she gave birth to another son, Abel. Abel became a shepherd, but Cain was a farmer.
Genesis 5:29
and said, "From the very ground on which the Lord put a curse, this child will bring us relief from all our hard work"; so he named him Noah.
Genesis 9:18
The sons of Noah who went out of the boat were Shem, Ham, and Japheth. (Ham was the father of Canaan.)
Genesis 9:19
These three sons of Noah were the ancestors of all the people on earth.
Genesis 9:24
When Noah sobered up and learned what his youngest son had done to him,
Genesis 9:26
Give praise to the Lord , the God of Shem! Canaan will be the slave of Shem.
Deuteronomy 20:6
Is there any man here who has just planted a vineyard, but has not yet had the chance to harvest its grapes? If so, he is to go home. Otherwise, if he is killed in battle, someone else will enjoy the wine.
Deuteronomy 28:30
"You will be engaged to a young woman—but someone else will marry her. You will build a house—but never live in it. You will plant a vineyard—but never eat its grapes.
Proverbs 10:11
A good person's words are a fountain of life, but a wicked person's words hide a violent nature.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

And all the people that were left of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites,.... Who were not destroyed in the times of Joshua, or since, but dwelt in several cities of the land of Israel from those times; see Judges 1:1, which were not of the children of Israel; not natives of the land of Israel, though they might be proselytes, at least some of them.


 
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