Lectionary Calendar
Friday, December 26th, 2025
the First Day after Christmas
Attention!
StudyLight.org has pledged to help build churches in Uganda. Help us with that pledge and support pastors in the heart of Africa.
Click here to join the effort!

Read the Bible

THE MESSAGE

1 Kings 10:15

This verse is not available in the MSG!

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Duty (Tax);   King;   Merchant;   Solomon;   Thompson Chain Reference - Business Life;   Merchants;   Trading;   Torrey's Topical Textbook - Armies of Israel, the;   Ishmaelites, the;   Kings;  

Dictionaries:

- American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Sabeans;   Bridgeway Bible Dictionary - Arabia;   King;   Solomon;   Baker Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology - Israel;   Easton Bible Dictionary - Arabia;   Governor;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Commerce;   Phoenice;   Solomon;   Taxes;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Arabia;   King, Kingship;   Spices;   Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Chapman;   Government;   Israel;   Merchantman;   Sheba, Queen of;   Solomon;   Trade and Commerce;   Tribute, Toll, Taxing;   Morrish Bible Dictionary - Arabia ;   Arabians ;   People's Dictionary of the Bible - Arabia;   Hiram;   Tyre;   Smith Bible Dictionary - Governor;   Taxes;  

Encyclopedias:

- International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Chapman;   Commerce;   Governor;   India;   King;   Mingled People (Mixed Multitude);   Solomon;   Trade;   Traffic;   Kitto Biblical Cyclopedia - Arabia;  

Parallel Translations

Christian Standard Bible®
besides what came from merchants, traders’ merchandise, and all the Arabian kings and governors of the land.
Hebrew Names Version
besides [that which] the traders [brought], and the traffic of the merchants, and of all the kings of the mixed people, and of the governors of the country.
King James Version
Beside that he had of the merchantmen, and of the traffick of the spice merchants, and of all the kings of Arabia, and of the governors of the country.
English Standard Version
besides that which came from the explorers and from the business of the merchants, and from all the kings of the west and from the governors of the land.
New Century Version
Besides that, he also received gold from the traders and merchants, as well as from the kings of Arabia and governors of the land.
New English Translation
besides what he collected from the merchants, traders, Arabian kings, and governors of the land.
Amplified Bible
besides the taxes from the traders and from the wares of the merchants, and [the tribute money] from all the kings of the Arabs (Bedouins) and the governors of the country.
New American Standard Bible
besides that from the traders, and the wares of the merchants and all the kings of the Arabs and the governors of the country.
Geneva Bible (1587)
Besides that he had of marchant men and of the marchandises of them that solde spices, and of all the Kinges of Arabia, and of the princes of the countrey.
Legacy Standard Bible
besides that from the traders and the wares of the merchants and all the kings of the Arabs and the governors of the country.
Contemporary English Version
The merchants and traders, as well as the kings of Arabia and rulers from Israel, also gave him gold.
Complete Jewish Bible
besides that which came from sales taxes, customs duties and assessments collected by all the kings of the mixed peoples and by the district governors.
Darby Translation
besides what [came] by the dealers, and by the traffic of the merchants, and by all the kings of Arabia, and by the governors of the country.
Easy-to-Read Version
In addition to the gold brought in by the traveling merchants and traders, all the kings of Arabia and the governors of the land also brought gold and silver to Solomon.
George Lamsa Translation
Besides that which came from the craftsmen and from the traffic of merchants and from all the kings of the Arabs and from the governors of the land.
Good News Translation
in addition to the taxes paid by merchants, the profits from trade, and tribute paid by the Arabian kings and the governors of the Israelite districts.
Lexham English Bible
apart from that of the men of the traders and the profits of the traders, and all the kings of the Arabs and the governors of the land.
Literal Translation
apart from the merchant men, and from the traffic of the traders, and from all the Arabian kings, and from the governors of the lands.
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
besydes that which came of chapmen, marchauntes and Apotecaries, and of the nexte kynges, and of the mightie men in the londe.
American Standard Version
besides that which the traders brought, and the traffic of the merchants, and of all the kings of the mingled people, and of the governors of the country.
Bible in Basic English
In addition to what came to him from the business of the traders, and from all the kings of the Arabians, and from the rulers of the country.
Bishop's Bible (1568)
Besydes that he had of marchauntes, and of the marchaundises of the spices, and of all the kinges of Arabia, & of the lordes of the countrey.
JPS Old Testament (1917)
beside that which came of the merchants, and of the traffic of the traders, and of all the kings of the mingled people and of the governors of the country.
King James Version (1611)
Besides that he had of the merchant men, and of the traffique of the spicemerchants, and of all the kings of Arabia, and of the gouernours of the countrey.
Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
Besides the tributes of them that were subjects, both merchants and all the kings of the country beyond the river, and of the princess of the land.
English Revised Version
beside [that which] the chapmen [brought], and the traffic of the merchants, and of all the kings of the mingled people, and of the governors of the country.
Berean Standard Bible
not including the revenue from the merchants, traders, and all the Arabian kings and governors of the land.
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
outakun that which men that weren on the talagis, `that is, rentis for thingis borun aboute in the lond, and marchauntis, and alle men sillynge scheeldys, and alle the kyngis of Arabie, and dukis of erthe yauen.
Young's Literal Translation
apart from [that of] the tourists, and of the traffic of the merchants, and of all the kings of Arabia, and of the governors of the land.
Update Bible Version
besides [that which] the traders [brought], and the traffic of the merchants, and of all the kings of the mingled people, and of the governors of the country.
Webster's Bible Translation
Besides [what he had] of the merchants, and of the traffic of the spice-merchants, and of all the kings of Arabia, and of the governors of the country.
World English Bible
besides [that which] the traders [brought], and the traffic of the merchants, and of all the kings of the mixed people, and of the governors of the country.
New King James Version
besides that from the traveling merchants, from the income of traders, from all the kings of Arabia, and from the governors of the country.
New Living Translation
This did not include the additional revenue he received from merchants and traders, all the kings of Arabia, and the governors of the land.
New Life Bible
besides all the gold that came from the traders and all the kings of the Arabs and the leaders of the country.
New Revised Standard
besides that which came from the traders and from the business of the merchants, and from all the kings of Arabia and the governors of the land.
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
besides the tribute of the subjugated, and of the travelling merchants, - and of all the kings of Arabia, and the pashas of the land.
Douay-Rheims Bible
Besides that which the men brought him that were over the tributes, and the merchants, and they that sold by retail, and all the kings of Arabia, and the governors of the country.
Revised Standard Version
besides that which came from the traders and from the traffic of the merchants, and from all the kings of Arabia and from the governors of the land.
New American Standard Bible (1995)
besides that from the traders and the wares of the merchants and all the kings of the Arabs and the governors of the country.

Contextual Overview

14Solomon received twenty-five tons of gold in tribute annually. This was above and beyond the taxes and profit on trade with merchants and assorted kings and governors. 16King Solomon crafted two hundred body-length shields of hammered gold—seven and a half pounds of gold to each shield—and three hundred smaller shields about half that size. He stored the shields in the House of the Forest of Lebanon. 18The king built a massive throne of ivory accented with a veneer of gold. The throne had six steps leading up to it, its back shaped like an arch. The armrests on each side were flanked by lions. Lions, twelve of them, were placed at either end of the six steps. There was no throne like it in any of the surrounding kingdoms. 21 King Solomon's chalices and tankards were made of gold and all the dinnerware and serving utensils in the House of the Forest of Lebanon were pure gold—nothing was made of silver; silver was considered common and cheap. 22 The king had a fleet of ocean-going ships at sea with Hiram's ships. Every three years the fleet would bring in a cargo of gold, silver, and ivory, and apes and peacocks. 23King Solomon was wiser and richer than all the kings of the earth—he surpassed them all. People came from all over the world to be with Solomon and drink in the wisdom God had given him. And everyone who came brought gifts—artifacts of gold and silver, fashionable robes and gowns, the latest in weapons, exotic spices, and horses and mules—parades of visitors, year after year. 26Solomon collected chariots and horses: fourteen hundred chariots and twelve thousand horses! He stabled them in the special chariot cities as well as in Jerusalem. The king made silver as common as rocks and cedar as common as the fig trees in the lowland hills. His horses were brought in from Egypt and Cilicia, specially acquired by the king's agents. Chariots from Egypt went for fifteen pounds of silver and a horse for about three and three-quarter pounds of silver. Solomon carried on a brisk horse-trading business with the Hittite and Aramean royal houses.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

all the kings: 1 Chronicles 9:24, 2 Chronicles 9:13, 2 Chronicles 9:14, Psalms 72:10, Isaiah 21:13, Galatians 4:25

governors: or, captains

Reciprocal: Genesis 42:34 - traffic Genesis 43:11 - spices 2 Kings 20:13 - precious things Isaiah 39:2 - precious things Jeremiah 25:24 - Arabia Ezekiel 27:21 - Arabia Acts 2:11 - Arabians Revelation 18:13 - cinnamon

Cross-References

Genesis 10:2
The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, Tiras.
Genesis 10:3
The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, Togarmah.
Genesis 10:8
Cush also had Nimrod. He was the first great warrior on Earth. He was a great hunter before God . There was a saying, "Like Nimrod, a great hunter before God ." His kingdom got its start with Babel; then Erech, Akkad, and Calneh in the country of Shinar. From there he went up to Asshur and built Nineveh, Rehoboth Ir, Calah, and Resen between Nineveh and the great city Calah.
Genesis 10:15
Canaan had Sidon his firstborn, Heth, the Jebusites, the Amorites, the Girgashites, the Hivites, the Arkites, the Sinites, the Arvadites, the Zemarites, and the Hamathites. Later the Canaanites spread out, going from Sidon toward Gerar, as far south as Gaza, and then east all the way over to Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, Zeboiim, and on to Lasha.
Genesis 10:20
These are the descendants of Ham by family, language, country, and nation.
Genesis 10:21
Shem, the older brother of Japheth, also had sons. Shem was ancestor to all the children of Eber.
Genesis 10:24
Arphaxad had Shelah and Shelah had Eber. Eber had two sons, Peleg (so named because in his days the human race divided) and Joktan.
Genesis 23:3
Then Abraham got up from mourning his dead wife and spoke to the Hittites: "I know I'm only an outsider here among you, but sell me a burial plot so that I can bury my dead decently."
Genesis 49:13
Zebulun settles down on the seashore; he's a safe harbor for ships, right alongside Sidon.
1 Chronicles 1:13
Canaan had Sidon (his firstborn) and Heth, and was ancestor to the Jebusites, the Amorites, the Girgashites, the Hivites, the Arkites, the Sinites, the Arvadites, the Zemarites, and the Hamathites.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

Besides that he had of the merchantmen, and of the traffic of the spice merchants,.... What they paid him as a duty or custom for the importation of their goods:

and of all the kings of Arabia; who were subject to him, and paid him a yearly tribute, or at least made presents, see 1 Kings 4:21

and of the governors of the country; who were viceroys or deputy governors of countries conquered by his father, and who collected tribute from the people, and paid it to him.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

There is no mention in the original of “spice merchants.” Two classes of traders are spoken of; but both expressions are general.

Kings of Arabia - Rather, “kings of the mingled people” (compare Jeremiah 25:24). These were probably tribes half Jewish, half Arabian, on the borders of the western desert. They are regarded as Arabs by the author of Chronicles (marginal reference).

Governors - The word used here is thought to be of Aryan origin. It appears to have been a title given by the Persians to petty governors, inferior to the great satraps of provinces. We find it borne by, among others, Tatnai Ezra 5:6, Zerubbabel Haggai 1:1, and Nehemiah Nehemiah 5:14. It can scarcely have been in use among the Jews so early as Solomon, and we must therefore suppose it to have been substituted by the writer of Kings for some corresponding Semitic title. The empire of Solomon was not a state governed from a single center by an organisation of satrapies or provinces (1 Kings 4:21 note). But exceptionally, in some parts of the empire, the kings had been superseded by “governors” (compare 1 Kings 20:24).


 
adsfree-icon
Ads FreeProfile