Ezekiel 27:14

New Life Version

Men of Beth-togarmah paid for your good things with horses, war horses, and mules.

Parallel Translations

Christian Standard Bible®
Those from Beth-togarmah exchanged horses, war horses, and mules for your merchandise.

Hebrew Names Version
They of the house of Togarmah traded for your wares with horses and war-horses and mules.

King James Version
They of the house of Togarmah traded in thy fairs with horses and horsemen and mules.

English Standard Version
From Beth-togarmah they exchanged horses, war horses, and mules for your wares.

New American Standard Bible
"Those from Beth-togarmah gave horses, war horses, and mules for your merchandise.

New Century Version
"‘People of Beth Togarmah traded your goods for work horses, war horses, and mules.

Amplified Bible
"Those from Beth-togarmah (Armenia) traded for your wares with [chariot] horses, war horses, and mules.

World English Bible
They of the house of Togarmah traded for your wares with horses and war-horses and mules.

Geneva Bible (1587)
They of the house of Togarmah brought to thy faires horses, and horsemen, and mules.

New American Standard Bible (1995)
"Those from Beth-togarmah gave horses and war horses and mules for your wares.

Legacy Standard Bible
Those from Beth-togarmah gave horses and war horses and mules for your wares.

Berean Standard Bible
The men of Beth-togarmah exchanged horses, war horses, and mules for your wares.

Contemporary English Version
and those from Beth-Togarmah traded work horses, war horses, and mules.

Complete Jewish Bible
The people of Togarmah traded for your merchandise with horses, horsemen and mules.

Darby Translation
They of the house of Togarmah furnished thy markets with horses, and horsemen, and mules.

Easy-to-Read Version
People from the nation of Togarmah traded horses, war horses, and mules for the things you sold.

George Lamsa Translation
They of the house of Togarmah traded in your markets with horses and horsemen and mules.

Good News Translation
You sold your goods for workhorses, war-horses, and mules from Beth Togarmah.

Lexham English Bible
From Beth Togarmah they exchanged horses and war horses and mules for your wares.

Literal Translation
From the house of Togarmah they gave horses and war horses and mules for your wares.

Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
They off the house of Thogarma brought vnto the at the tyme off thy Marte, horse, horsmen and mules.

American Standard Version
They of the house of Togarmah traded for thy wares with horses and war-horses and mules.

Bible in Basic English
The people of Togarmah gave horses and war-horses and transport beasts for your goods.

JPS Old Testament (1917)
They of the house of Togarmah traded for thy wares with horses and horsemen and mules.

King James Version (1611)
They of the house of Togarmah traded in thy faires with horses, and horsemen, and mules.

Bishop's Bible (1568)
They of the house of Thogarma brought vnto thee at the time of thy marte, horses, coursers, and mules.

Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
Out of the house of Thogarma horses and horsemen furnished the market.

English Revised Version
They of the house of Togarmah traded for thy wares with horses and war-horses and mules.

Wycliffe Bible (1395)
Fro the hous of Thogorma thei brouyten horsis, and horse men, and mulis, to thi chepyng.

Update Bible Version
They of the house of Togarmah traded for your wares with horses and war-horses and mules.

Webster's Bible Translation
They of the house of Togarmah traded in thy fairs with horses and horsemen and mules.

New English Translation
Beth Togarmah exchanged horses, chargers, and mules for your products.

New King James Version
Those from the house of Togarmah traded for your wares with horses, steeds, and mules.

New Living Translation
"From Beth-togarmah came riding horses, chariot horses, and mules, all in exchange for your goods.

New Revised Standard
Beth-togarmah exchanged for your wares horses, war horses, and mules.

J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
Some of the house of Togarmah, with horses and horsemen and mules, Took part in thy traffic:

Douay-Rheims Bible
From the house of Thogorma they brought horses, and horsemen, and mules to thy market.

Revised Standard Version
Beth-togar'mah exchanged for your wares horses, war horses, and mules.

Young's Literal Translation
They of the house of Togarmah, [For] horses, and riding steeds, and mules, They have given out thy remnants.

THE MESSAGE
"‘Beth-togarmah traded work horses, war horses, and mules for your products.

Contextual Overview

¹ The Word of the Lord came to me saying, ² "Son of man, sing a song of sorrow over Tyre. ³ Say to Tyre, whose people live at the gateway to the sea and trade with people from many lands, ‘The Lord God says, "O Tyre, you have said, ‘I am perfect in beauty.' ⁴ Your home is on the sea. Your builders have made you perfect in beauty. ⁵ They made your pieces of wood from the fir trees from Senir. They made the wood that holds your sail out of a cedar from Lebanon. ⁶ They made your oars out of oak trees from Bashan. They made your floor of ivory and boxwood from the land of Cyprus. ⁷ Your sail was made of fine and beautiful linen from Egypt, to show all people who you are. Your covering was made of blue and purple cloth from the land of Elishah. ⁸ The people of Sidon and Arvad were your rowers. Your own wise and able men were your sailors. ⁹ The leaders and wise men of Gebal were with you, putting tar where it was needed to keep the water out. All the ships of the sea and their sailors were with you to trade for your good things. ¹⁰ "Soldiers from Persia and Lud and Put were in your army. They hung battle-coverings and head-coverings in you, and made you beautiful.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

Togarmah: Ezekiel 38:6, Genesis 10:3, 1 Chronicles 1:6

Reciprocal: 1 Kings 10:25 - and mules

Cross-References

Genesis 25:28
Isaac showed favor to Esau, because he liked to eat the meat of the animals Esau killed. But Rebekah showed favor to Jacob.

Genesis 27:2
Isaac said, "See, I am old. I do not know when I will die.

Genesis 27:3
Take your bow and arrows, and go out to the field to get meat for me.

Genesis 27:4
Get some food ready for me that I love. Bring it to me to eat, so that before I die I will pray that good will come to you."

Genesis 27:7
'Bring me some meat. Make good-tasting food for me to eat. And before I die I will pray to the Lord for good to come to you.'

Genesis 27:9
Go to the flock and bring me two fat young goats. I will cook them into good-tasting food, just what your father loves to eat.

Genesis 27:17
And she gave her son Jacob the bread and the good-tasting food she had made.

Genesis 27:31
Then Esau made good-tasting food and brought it to his father, and said, "Sit up, my father, and eat the meat your son has made ready, so you will pray that good will come to me."

Psalms 141:4
Do not let my heart turn to any sinful thing, to do wrong with men who sin. And do not let me eat their fine food.

Luke 21:34
Watch yourselves! Do not let yourselves be loaded down with too much eating and strong drink. Do not be troubled with the cares of this life. If you do, that day will come on you without you knowing it.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

They of the house of Togarmah,.... The Targum is,

"they of the province or country of Germany.''

Jerom understands it of Phrygia, near to which was Cappadocia; and perhaps is here meant, since it abounded with what these people are said to trade with Tyre in:

these traded in thy fairs with horses, horsemen, and mules; for the Cappadocians paid for their yearly tribute to the Persians fifteen hundred horses, and two thousand mules, as Bochart c from Strabo observes; and as they sold horses and mules to the Tyrians, so likewise horsemen, men that were skilled in riding and taking care of horses; and these were sold along with the horses, as servants for that purpose.

c Phaleg. c. 11. col. 178.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The thread broken at Ezekiel 27:8 is taken up, and the various nations are enumerated which traded with Tyre.

Ezekiel 27:12

Tarshish - Tartessus in Spain (marginal references). Spain was rich in the metals named.

Merchant - Especially applied to those who traveled about with caravans to carry on trade (see Genesis 23:16).

Fairs - Or, “wares” Ezekiel 27:33. The word occurs only in this chapter. The foreign merchants gave their wares in return for the products delivered to them by Tyre.

Ezekiel 27:13

Jaran - Greece (Ion), including the Grecian colonies in Sicily and Italy.

Tubal, and Meshech - The Tibareni and Moschi, whose lands were on the Caucasian highlands between the Euxine and Caspian Seas (see the marginal reference), were a fine race of men; from thence slaves have been continually sought. Greece too in ancient times was famous for furnishing slaves.

Ezekiel 27:14

Togarmah - Armenia.

Ezekiel 27:15

Dedan - There were two tribes (Shemite and Hamite), each bearing the name of “Dedan” (see Genesis 10:7). The Hamite (Ethiopian) Dedan may well have supplied for a payment (rather than “for a present”) horns, ivory, and ebony; the Shemite (Arabians), “clothes for chariots” (see Ezekiel 27:20).

Ezekiel 27:16

Syria - “Aram” here included Mesopotamia; and Babylon was famous for its precious stones. Many read “Edom.”

Emeralds - Rather, carbuncle.

Fine linen - The word (בוץ bûts) was used only in the times of the captivity. It is a Phoenician word, which in Greek assumed the form “byssus,” properly “cotton,” as distinguished from “linen;” the Phoenicians spinning their threads from cotton wool, the Egyptians from flax.

Ezekiel 27:17

Minnith - A city of the Ammonites, whose country was famous for wheat 2 Chronicles 27:5. The wheat was carried through the land of Israel to Tyre.

Pannag - This word occurs nowhere else, and has been very variously explained. Some take it to be “sweetwares.” Others see in it the name of a place, fertile like Minnith, perhaps identical with Pingi on the road from Baalbec to Damascus.

Ezekiel 27:18

Helbon - Chalybon, near Damascus, whose wine was a favorite luxury with Persian kings.

White wool - A product of flocks that grazed in the waste lands of Syria and Arabia.

Ezekiel 27:19

Dan also - Hebrew Vedan, a place in Arabia, not elsewhere mentioned.

Going to and fro - Better as in the margin, a proper name, “Meuzal,” or rather, “from Uzal” which was the ancient name of Senaa the capital of Yemen in Arabia. Greek merchants would carry on commerce between Uzal and Tyre.

Bright iron - literally, “wrought iron;” iron worked into plates smooth and polished. Yemen was famous for the manufacture of sword-blades.

Cassia - The inner bark of an aromatic plant.

Calamus - A fragrant reed-like plant (see Exodus 30:23-24). Both are special products of India and Arabia.

Ezekiel 27:20

Dedan - See Ezekiel 27:15. It is remarkable that “Dedan and Sheba” occur both among the descendants of Ham in Genesis 10:7, and among the descendants of Abraham and Keturah in Genesis 25:3. This seems to indicate that there were distinct nomad tribes bearing the same names of Hamite and of Semitic origin; or it may be that whereas some of the nomad Arabs were Hamite, others Semitic, these were of mixed origin, and so traced up their lineage alike to tiara and Shem. Here we have, at any rate, a number of Arabian nomad tribes mentioned together, and these tribes and their caravans were in those days the regular merchant travelers between east and west. By her ships, Tyre spread over Europe the goods which by these caravans she obtained from India and China.

Precious clothes - Or “clothes of covering,” cloths of tapestry.

Ezekiel 27:21

Kedar - The representative of the pastoral tribes in the northwest of Arabia.

Ezekiel 27:22

Sheba - Sabaea, the richest country of Arabia, corresponded nearly with what is now called Yemen or Arabia Felix.

Raamah - Closely connected with “Sheba,” whose seat is supposed to have been in the neighborhood of the Persian Gulf.

Ezekiel 27:23

Haran - Charrae in Mesopotamia.

Canneh - “Calneh” Genesis 10:10, probably Ctesiphon on the Tigris.

Eden - On the Euphrates Isaiah 37:12. “the merchants of Sheba” Here the towns or tribes that traded with Sheba. Sheba maintained a considerable trade with Mesopotamia.

Chilmad - Possibly Kalwada near Bagdad.

Ezekiel 27:24

All sorts of things - See the margin, “made of cedar” Rather, made fast.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Ezekiel 27:14. Togarmah — The Sarmatians. Some think Cappadocia. With these they dealt in horses, mules, and horsemen; or probably draught horses and war horses are intended.