Ezekiel 27:21

New Life Version

Arabia and all the leaders of Kedar traded with you. They paid you with lambs, rams, and goats.

Parallel Translations

Christian Standard Bible®
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your business partners, trading with you in lambs, rams, and goats.

Hebrew Names Version
`Arav, and all the princes of Kedar, they were the merchants of your hand; in lambs, and rams, and goats, in these were they your merchants.

King James Version
Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they occupied with thee in lambs, and rams, and goats: in these were they thy merchants.

English Standard Version
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your favored dealers in lambs, rams, and goats; in these they did business with you.

New American Standard Bible
"Arabia and all the princes of Kedar, they were your customers for lambs, rams, and goats; for these they were your customers.

New Century Version
"‘People of Arabia and all the rulers of Kedar became traders for you. They received lambs, male sheep, and goats in payment for you.

Amplified Bible
"Arabia and all the princes of Kedar, they were your customers for lambs, rams, and goats [favored by you]; for these they were your customers.

World English Bible
Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they were the merchants of your hand; in lambs, and rams, and goats, in these were they your merchants.

Geneva Bible (1587)
They of Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar occupied with thee, in lambes, and rammes and goates: in these were they thy marchants.

New American Standard Bible (1995)
"Arabia and all the princes of Kedar, they were your customers for lambs, rams and goats; for these they were your customers.

Legacy Standard Bible
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar, they were customers at your hand for lambs, rams, and goats; for these, they were your customers.

Berean Standard Bible
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your customers, trading in lambs, rams, and goats.

Contemporary English Version
while people from Arabia and the rulers of Kedar traded lambs, sheep, and goats.

Complete Jewish Bible
Arabia and all the princes of K'dar were your customers; for your goods they traded lambs, rams and goats.

Darby Translation
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were the merchants of thy hand: in lambs, and rams, and goats, in these did they trade with thee.

Easy-to-Read Version
Arabia and all the leaders of Kedar traded lambs, rams, and goats for your goods.

George Lamsa Translation
They also brought you rams, lambs, and kids.

Good News Translation
The Arabians and the rulers of the land of Kedar paid for your merchandise with lambs, sheep, and goats.

Lexham English Bible
Arabia and all of the leaders of Kedar were your customers; with young rams and adult rams and goats they were trading with them with you.

Literal Translation
Arabia and all the rulers of Kedar, they were traders of your land in lambs and rams and goats, in them was your trade.

Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
Arabia & all the princes off Cedar haue occupied wt the, in shepe, wethers and goates.

American Standard Version
Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they were the merchants of thy hand; in lambs, and rams, and goats, in these were they thy merchants.

Bible in Basic English
Arabia and all the rulers of Kedar did business with you; in lambs and sheep and goats, in these they did business with you.

JPS Old Testament (1917)
Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they were the merchants of thy hand; in lambs, and rams, and goats, in these were they thy merchants.

King James Version (1611)
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar, they occupied with thee in lambes and rammes and goats: in these were they thy merchants.

Bishop's Bible (1568)
Arabia and all the princes of Cedar haue occupied with thee, in weathers, rammes, and goates: in these were they thy marchauntes.

Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar, these were thy traders with thee, bringing camels, and lambs, and rams, in which they trade with thee.

English Revised Version
Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they were the merchants of thy hand; in lambs, and rams, and goats, in these were they thy merchants.

Wycliffe Bible (1395)
Arabie and alle the princes of Cedar, thei weren the marchauntis of thin hond; with lambren, and wetheris, and kidis thi marchauntis camen to thee.

Update Bible Version
Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they were the merchants of your hand; in lambs, and rams, and goats, in these they were your merchants.

Webster's Bible Translation
Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar, they occupied with thee in lambs, and rams, and goats: in these [were they] thy merchants.

New English Translation
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your trade partners; for lambs, rams, and goats they traded with you.

New King James Version
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your regular merchants. They traded with you in lambs, rams, and goats.

New Living Translation
The Arabians and the princes of Kedar sent merchants to trade lambs and rams and male goats in exchange for your goods.

New Revised Standard
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your favored dealers in lambs, rams, and goats; in these they did business with you.

J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar, They, were traders at thy service, - With lambs and rams and he-goats, With these, were they traders of thine:

Douay-Rheims Bible
Arabia, and all the princes of Cedar, they were the merchants of thy hand: thy merchants came to thee with lambs, and rams, and kids.

Revised Standard Version
Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your favored dealers in lambs, rams, and goats; in these they trafficked with you.

Young's Literal Translation
Arabia, and all princes of Kedar, They [are] the traders of thy hand, For lambs, and rams, and he-goats, In these thy merchants.

THE MESSAGE
"‘Arabia and all the Bedouin sheiks of Kedar traded lambs, rams, and goats with you.

Contextual Overview

¹ The Word of the Lord came to me saying, ² "Son of man, sing a song of sorrow over Tyre. ³ Say to Tyre, whose people live at the gateway to the sea and trade with people from many lands, ‘The Lord God says, "O Tyre, you have said, ‘I am perfect in beauty.' ⁴ Your home is on the sea. Your builders have made you perfect in beauty. ⁵ They made your pieces of wood from the fir trees from Senir. They made the wood that holds your sail out of a cedar from Lebanon. ⁶ They made your oars out of oak trees from Bashan. They made your floor of ivory and boxwood from the land of Cyprus. ⁷ Your sail was made of fine and beautiful linen from Egypt, to show all people who you are. Your covering was made of blue and purple cloth from the land of Elishah. ⁸ The people of Sidon and Arvad were your rowers. Your own wise and able men were your sailors. ⁹ The leaders and wise men of Gebal were with you, putting tar where it was needed to keep the water out. All the ships of the sea and their sailors were with you to trade for your good things. ¹⁰ "Soldiers from Persia and Lud and Put were in your army. They hung battle-coverings and head-coverings in you, and made you beautiful.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

Arabia: 1 Kings 10:15, Jeremiah 25:24, Acts 2:11, Galatians 4:25

Kedar: Genesis 25:13, 1 Chronicles 1:29, Song of Solomon 1:5, Isaiah 21:16, Isaiah 60:7

occupied with thee: Heb. were the merchants of thy hand

in lambs: 2 Chronicles 17:11, Isaiah 60:7

Reciprocal: Isaiah 21:13 - O ye Jeremiah 49:28 - Kedar

Cross-References

Genesis 27:12
If my father touches me, he will think of me as one trying to fool him. Then he will bring a curse upon me instead of good."

Psalms 73:28
But as for me, it is good to be near God. I have made the Lord God my safe place. So I may tell of all the things You have done.

Isaiah 57:19
I will make the lips to praise. Peace, peace to him who is far and to him who is near," says the Lord, "and I will heal him."

James 4:8
Come close to God and He will come close to you. Wash your hands, you sinners. Clean up your hearts, you who want to follow the sinful ways of the world and God at the same time.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar,.... Arabia was a large country, divided into three parts, Arabia Deserts, or the desert; Arabia Petraea, or the rocky; and Arabia Felix, or the happy. Kedar was in Arabia Petrea; its inhabitants were called Kedarenes, descended from Kedar, a son of Ishmael, Genesis 25:13, they were chiefly shepherds, and dwelt in tents, to which the allusion is in Song of Solomon 1:5, these princes were the rich and wealthy among them, who bought up the cattle of the meaner sort, and brought them to Tyre. In Jerom's time Kedar was the country of the Saracens. The Targum calls them the princes of Nebat, the same with Nebajoth, the firstborn of Ishmael, and brother of Kedar, Genesis 25:13.

They occupied with thee: or, "they were the merchants of thine hand w"; that took off her manufactures from her, in lieu of "the lambs, and rams, and goats", they brought to market, for her food and sacrifices; keeping of sheep being their chief employment: "in these were they thy merchants": they supplied them with their cattle, and took their wares of them for them.

w סחרי ידך "negotiatores manus tuae", V. L. Pagninus, Montanus; "mercatores manna tuae", Cocceius, Starckius.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The thread broken at Ezekiel 27:8 is taken up, and the various nations are enumerated which traded with Tyre.

Ezekiel 27:12

Tarshish - Tartessus in Spain (marginal references). Spain was rich in the metals named.

Merchant - Especially applied to those who traveled about with caravans to carry on trade (see Genesis 23:16).

Fairs - Or, “wares” Ezekiel 27:33. The word occurs only in this chapter. The foreign merchants gave their wares in return for the products delivered to them by Tyre.

Ezekiel 27:13

Jaran - Greece (Ion), including the Grecian colonies in Sicily and Italy.

Tubal, and Meshech - The Tibareni and Moschi, whose lands were on the Caucasian highlands between the Euxine and Caspian Seas (see the marginal reference), were a fine race of men; from thence slaves have been continually sought. Greece too in ancient times was famous for furnishing slaves.

Ezekiel 27:14

Togarmah - Armenia.

Ezekiel 27:15

Dedan - There were two tribes (Shemite and Hamite), each bearing the name of “Dedan” (see Genesis 10:7). The Hamite (Ethiopian) Dedan may well have supplied for a payment (rather than “for a present”) horns, ivory, and ebony; the Shemite (Arabians), “clothes for chariots” (see Ezekiel 27:20).

Ezekiel 27:16

Syria - “Aram” here included Mesopotamia; and Babylon was famous for its precious stones. Many read “Edom.”

Emeralds - Rather, carbuncle.

Fine linen - The word (בוץ bûts) was used only in the times of the captivity. It is a Phoenician word, which in Greek assumed the form “byssus,” properly “cotton,” as distinguished from “linen;” the Phoenicians spinning their threads from cotton wool, the Egyptians from flax.

Ezekiel 27:17

Minnith - A city of the Ammonites, whose country was famous for wheat 2 Chronicles 27:5. The wheat was carried through the land of Israel to Tyre.

Pannag - This word occurs nowhere else, and has been very variously explained. Some take it to be “sweetwares.” Others see in it the name of a place, fertile like Minnith, perhaps identical with Pingi on the road from Baalbec to Damascus.

Ezekiel 27:18

Helbon - Chalybon, near Damascus, whose wine was a favorite luxury with Persian kings.

White wool - A product of flocks that grazed in the waste lands of Syria and Arabia.

Ezekiel 27:19

Dan also - Hebrew Vedan, a place in Arabia, not elsewhere mentioned.

Going to and fro - Better as in the margin, a proper name, “Meuzal,” or rather, “from Uzal” which was the ancient name of Senaa the capital of Yemen in Arabia. Greek merchants would carry on commerce between Uzal and Tyre.

Bright iron - literally, “wrought iron;” iron worked into plates smooth and polished. Yemen was famous for the manufacture of sword-blades.

Cassia - The inner bark of an aromatic plant.

Calamus - A fragrant reed-like plant (see Exodus 30:23-24). Both are special products of India and Arabia.

Ezekiel 27:20

Dedan - See Ezekiel 27:15. It is remarkable that “Dedan and Sheba” occur both among the descendants of Ham in Genesis 10:7, and among the descendants of Abraham and Keturah in Genesis 25:3. This seems to indicate that there were distinct nomad tribes bearing the same names of Hamite and of Semitic origin; or it may be that whereas some of the nomad Arabs were Hamite, others Semitic, these were of mixed origin, and so traced up their lineage alike to tiara and Shem. Here we have, at any rate, a number of Arabian nomad tribes mentioned together, and these tribes and their caravans were in those days the regular merchant travelers between east and west. By her ships, Tyre spread over Europe the goods which by these caravans she obtained from India and China.

Precious clothes - Or “clothes of covering,” cloths of tapestry.

Ezekiel 27:21

Kedar - The representative of the pastoral tribes in the northwest of Arabia.

Ezekiel 27:22

Sheba - Sabaea, the richest country of Arabia, corresponded nearly with what is now called Yemen or Arabia Felix.

Raamah - Closely connected with “Sheba,” whose seat is supposed to have been in the neighborhood of the Persian Gulf.

Ezekiel 27:23

Haran - Charrae in Mesopotamia.

Canneh - “Calneh” Genesis 10:10, probably Ctesiphon on the Tigris.

Eden - On the Euphrates Isaiah 37:12. “the merchants of Sheba” Here the towns or tribes that traded with Sheba. Sheba maintained a considerable trade with Mesopotamia.

Chilmad - Possibly Kalwada near Bagdad.

Ezekiel 27:24

All sorts of things - See the margin, “made of cedar” Rather, made fast.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Ezekiel 27:21. Arabia, and all the princes of Kedar — Arabia Deserta, on the confines of the Dead Sea. The Kedarenes inhabited the same country. These brought lambs, rams, and goats for the consumption of the city.