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New Revised Standard

Exodus 12:9

Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted over the fire, with its head, legs, and inner organs.

Bible Study Resources

Concordances:

- Nave's Topical Bible - Blood;   Israel;   Month;   Passover;   Symbols and Similitudes;   Scofield Reference Index - Israel;   Sacrifice;   Torrey's Topical Textbook - Egypt;   Paschal Lamb, Typical Nature of;   Water;  

Dictionaries:

- American Tract Society Bible Dictionary - Abib;   Exodus;   Passover;   Bridgeway Bible Dictionary - Plague;   Baker Evangelical Dictionary of Biblical Theology - Bread, Bread of Presence;   Celebrate, Celebration;   Lamb, Lamb of God;   Remember, Remembrance;   Charles Buck Theological Dictionary - Passover;   Easton Bible Dictionary - Cook;   Frontlets;   Sacrifice;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Bread;   Passover;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Cooking and Heating;   Exodus, Book of;   Pentateuch;   Salvation;   Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible - Exodus;   Leg;   Meals;   Moses;   Passover and Feast of Unleavened Bread;   Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament - Passover (I.);   Samaria, Samaritans;   Morrish Bible Dictionary - Passover, the;   Purtenance,;   Sod;   The Hawker's Poor Man's Concordance And Dictionary - Passover;   People's Dictionary of the Bible - Obsolete or obscure words in the english av bible;   Passover;   Plagues of egypt;   Smith Bible Dictionary - Law of Moses;   Pass'over,;   Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary - Plagues of Egypt;  

Encyclopedias:

- Condensed Biblical Cyclopedia - Exodus, the;   On to Sinai;   Hebrew Calendar;   Sabbath and Feasts;   Priesthood, the;   Moses, the Man of God;   Conquest of Canaan;   Law of Moses, the;   International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Fire;   Leg;   Lord's Supper (Eucharist);   Meals;   Passover;   Purtenance;   Sacrifice;   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Commandments, the 613;   Festivals;   Hafá¹­arah;   Law, Reading from the;   Midrash Halakah;   Parashiyyot, the Four;   Passover Sacrifice;   Priestly Code;   Samuel B. Meïr (Rashbam);  

Parallel Translations

Hebrew Names Version
Don't eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire; with its head, its legs and its inner parts.
King James Version
Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.
Lexham English Bible
You must not eat any of it raw or boiled, boiled in the water, but rather roasted with fire, its head with its legs and with its inner parts.
New Century Version
Do not eat the lamb raw or boiled in water. Roast the whole lamb over a fire—with its head, legs, and inner organs.
New English Translation
Do not eat it raw or boiled in water, but roast it over the fire with its head, its legs, and its entrails.
Amplified Bible
'Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted in fire—both its head and its legs, along with its inner parts.
New American Standard Bible
'Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with its entrails.
Geneva Bible (1587)
Eate not thereof rawe, boyled nor sodden in water, but rost with fire, both his head, his feete, and his purtenance.
Legacy Standard Bible
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with its entrails.
Contemporary English Version
Don't eat the meat raw or boiled. The entire animal, including its head, legs, and insides, must be roasted.
Complete Jewish Bible
Don't eat it raw or boiled, but roasted in the fire, with its head, the lower parts of its legs and its inner organs.
Darby Translation
Ye shall eat none of it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with its in-wards.
Easy-to-Read Version
You must not eat the lamb raw or boiled in water. You must roast the whole lamb over a fire. The lamb must still have its head, legs, and inner parts.
English Standard Version
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted, its head with its legs and its inner parts.
George Lamsa Translation
You shall not eat any of it raw, nor cooked with water, but roasted with fire; its head with its legs, and the entrails thereof.
Good News Translation
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled, but eat it roasted whole, including the head, the legs, and the internal organs.
Christian Standard Bible®
Do not eat any of it raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over fire—its head as well as its legs and inner organs.
Literal Translation
Do not eat it raw, or at all boiled in water, but roasted with fire; its head with its legs and with its inward parts.
Miles Coverdale Bible (1535)
Ye shal not eate it rawe, ner sodden with water, but onely rosted at the fyre, his heade wt his fete and pertenaunce.
American Standard Version
Eat not of it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with the inwards thereof.
Bible in Basic English
Do not take it uncooked or cooked with boiling water, but let it be cooked in the oven; its head with its legs and its inside parts.
Bishop's Bible (1568)
See that ye eate not therof rawe, nor sodden with water, but roste with fire: the head, feete, and purtenaunce therof.
JPS Old Testament (1917)
Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with the inwards thereof.
King James Version (1611)
Eate not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roste with fire: his head, with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.
Brenton's Septuagint (LXX)
Ye shall not eat of it raw nor sodden in water, but only roast with fire, the head with the feet and the appurtenances.
English Revised Version
Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with the inwards thereof.
Berean Standard Bible
Do not eat any of the meat raw or cooked in boiling water, but only roasted over the fire-its head and legs and inner parts.
Wycliffe Bible (1395)
Ye schulen not ete therof ony raw thing, nether sodun in watir, but roostid oneli by fier; ye schulen deuoure the heed with feet and entrailis therof;
Young's Literal Translation
ye do not eat of it raw, or boiled at all in water, but roast with fire, its head with its legs, and with its inwards;
Update Bible Version
Don't eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire; its head with its legs and with the insides thereof.
Webster's Bible Translation
Eat not of it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted [with] fire; its head with its legs, and with its entrails.
World English Bible
Don't eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire; with its head, its legs and its inner parts.
New King James Version
Do not eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted in fire--its head with its legs and its entrails.
New Living Translation
Do not eat any of the meat raw or boiled in water. The whole animal—including the head, legs, and internal organs—must be roasted over a fire.
New Life Bible
Do not eat any of it if it is not cooked or if it is made ready by boiling. But cook it over a fire, its head, legs and inside parts.
J.B. Rotherham Emphasized Bible
Do not eat of it underdone, nor cooked by boiling in water, - but roast with fire, its head with it, legs, and with its inward parts.
Douay-Rheims Bible
You shall not eat thereof any thing raw, nor boiled in water, but only roasted at the fire; you shall eat the head with the feet and entrails thereof.
Revised Standard Version
Do not eat any of it raw or boiled with water, but roasted, its head with its legs and its inner parts.
New American Standard Bible (1995)
'Do not eat any of it raw or boiled at all with water, but rather roasted with fire, both its head and its legs along with its entrails.

Contextual Overview

1 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt: 2 This month shall mark for you the beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year for you. 3 Tell the whole congregation of Israel that on the tenth of this month they are to take a lamb for each family, a lamb for each household. 4 If a household is too small for a whole lamb, it shall join its closest neighbor in obtaining one; the lamb shall be divided in proportion to the number of people who eat of it. 5 Your lamb shall be without blemish, a year-old male; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats. 6 You shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month; then the whole assembled congregation of Israel shall slaughter it at twilight. 7 They shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses in which they eat it. 8 They shall eat the lamb that same night; they shall eat it roasted over the fire with unleavened bread and bitter herbs. 9 Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted over the fire, with its head, legs, and inner organs. 10 You shall let none of it remain until the morning; anything that remains until the morning you shall burn.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

but roast with fire: Exodus 12:8, Deuteronomy 16:7, Lamentations 1:13

Reciprocal: 2 Chronicles 35:13 - roasted

Cross-References

Genesis 12:13
Say you are my sister, so that it may go well with me because of you, and that my life may be spared on your account."
Genesis 12:14
When Abram entered Egypt the Egyptians saw that the woman was very beautiful.
Genesis 13:1
So Abram went up from Egypt, he and his wife, and all that he had, and Lot with him, into the Negeb.
Genesis 13:3
He journeyed on by stages from the Negeb as far as Bethel, to the place where his tent had been at the beginning, between Bethel and Ai,
Genesis 24:62
Now Isaac had come from Beer-lahai-roi, and was settled in the Negeb.
Psalms 105:13
wandering from nation to nation, from one kingdom to another people,

Gill's Notes on the Bible

Eat not of it raw,.... Not roasted enough; and so Jarchi says, that what is not sufficiently roasted, or is not thoroughly and down roasted, is in the Arabic language called נא u, the word here used; and so Maimonides w says it signifies flesh, on which the fire begins to operate, and is roasted a little, but not enough for eating. And indeed there seems to be no necessity of a prohibition of eating the flesh quite raw: some x derive the word from a root which signifies to break, and suppose that this rule forbids the breaking or cutting it in pieces; that as it was to be roasted whole, and not a bone of it to be broken, so it was to be brought to table whole, and the whole to be eaten; but then it could not be eaten without being cut to pieces. Abarbinel y takes the word in the usual signification of it, "now", as if the sense was, ye shall not eat of it now, not before the evening of the fourteenth day; but whereas Moses had told them,

Exodus 12:6, that the lamb was to be kept up until the fourteenth day, it was needless to tell them that they should not eat it now or immediately; the first sense is best, and this shows that Christ, the antitype of this lamb, is not to be eaten in a carnal but spiritual manner, of which our Lord treats in John 6:31, nor sodden at all with water; the Targum of Jonathan is,

"neither boiled in wine, nor in oil, nor in other liquor, nor boiled in water.''

This, with respect to the antitype, shows, that Christ is not to be received in a cold lukewarm manner, and with indifference; and that nothing is to be mixed, added, and joined unto him, but he alone is to be regarded in the business of our acceptance, justification, and salvation:

but roast with fire; for the reasons before given: the manner of roasting it, according to the Jewish canons z, was this, they bring a spit made of the wood of pomegranate, and thrust it into its mouth quite through it, and put the thighs and entrails within it; they do not roast the passover lamb on an iron spit, nor on an iron grate. Maimonides a is a little more particular and exact in his account; to the question, how do they roast it? he replies,

"they transfix it through the middle of the mouth to its posteriors, with a wooden spit, and they hang it in the midst of a furnace, and the fire below:''

so that it was not turned upon a spit, according to our manner of roasting, but was suspended on a hook, and roasted by the fire underneath, and so was a more exact figure of Christ suspended on the cross, and enduring the fire of divine wrath. And Justin Martyr b is still more particular, who was by birth a Samaritan, and was well versed in Jewish affairs; he, even in conversing with Trypho the Jew, who could have contradicted him had he said what was wrong, says, the lamb was roasted in the form of a cross; one spit, he says, went through from the lower parts to the head, and again another across the shoulders, to which the hands (or rather the legs) of the lamb were fastened and hung; and so was a very lively emblem of Christ crucified:

his head, with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof; or with its inwards c, these were all to be roasted together, the whole lamb with all that belonged to it, with which the above canon of the Jews agrees.

u "cruda fuit caro", Golius, col. 2476. Semicocta, "cruda fuit caro", Castell. Lex. col. 2296. Vid. Hottinger. Smegma Oriental. p. 169, 170. w Hilchot Korban Pesach. c. 8. sect. 6. x Oleaster apud Rivet in loc. Gusset. Comment. Ebr. p. 487, 488; so some in Aben Ezra. y So Marinus Brixianus in Arca Noe. z Misn. Pesach. c. 7. sect. 1, 2. a Hilchot Korban Pesach. c. 8. sect. 10. b Dialog. cum Trypho Jud. p. 259. c ועל קרבו "et cum interioribus ejus", Pagninus, Tigurine version, so Junius & Tremellius, Piscator.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Raw - i. e. “half-cooked.”

Sodden ... with water - It was probably more common to seethe meat than to roast meat; hence, the regrets expressed by the Israelites for the seething pots of Egypt.

The purtenance thereof - or its intestines. This verse directs that the lamb should be roasted and placed on the table whole. No bone was to be broken (see Exodus 12:46, and margin reference). The bowels were taken out, washed and then replaced. The Talmud prescribes the form of the oven of earthenware, in which the lamb was roasted, open above and below with a grating for the fire. Lambs and sheep are roasted whole in Persia, nearly in the same manner.

This entire consumption of the lamb constitutes one marked difference between the Passover and all other sacrifices, in which either a part or the whole was burned, and thus offered directly to God. The whole substance of the sacrificed lamb was to enter into the substance of the people, the blood only excepted, which was sprinkled as a propitiatory and sacrificial offering. Another point of subordinate importance is noticed. The lamb was slain and the blood sprinkled by the head of each family: no separate priesthood as yet existed in Israel; its functions belonged from the beginning to the father of the family: when the priesthood was instituted the slaying of the lamb still devolved on the heads of families, though the blood was sprinkled on the altar by the priests; an act which essentially belonged to their office. The typical character of this part of the transaction is clear. Our Lord was offered and His blood shed as an expiatory and propitiatory sacrifice, but His whole Humanity is transfused spiritually and effectually into His Church, an effect which is at once symbolized and assured in holy communion, the Christian Passover.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Exodus 12:9. With the purtenance thereof. — All the intestines, for these were abused by the heathens to purposes of divination; and when roasted in the manner here directed they could not be thus used. The command also implies that the lamb was to be roasted whole; neither the head or legs were to be separated, nor the intestines removed. I suppose that these last simply included the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, &c., and not the intestinal canal.


 
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