1 Raja-raja 10:22

Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-hari

Sebab di laut raja mempunyai kapal-kapal Tarsis bergabung dengan kapal-kapal Hiram; dan sekali tiga tahun kapal-kapal Tarsis itu datang membawa emas dan perak serta gading; juga kera dan burung merak.

Parallel Translations

Alkitab Terjemahan Baru
Sebab di laut raja mempunyai kapal-kapal Tarsis bergabung dengan kapal-kapal Hiram; dan sekali tiga tahun kapal-kapal Tarsis itu datang membawa emas dan perak serta gading; juga kera dan burung merak.

Alkitab Terjemahan Lama
Karena pada baginda adalah kapal dari Tarsis di laut serta dengan kapal Hiram, maka tiap-tiap tiga tahun sekali masuklah segala kapal dari Tarsis itu, muatannya emas dan perak dan gading dan beberapa kera dan burung merak.

Contextual Overview

¹⁴ The waight of golde that came to Solomon in one yere, was sixe hundred theescore and sixe talentes of golde, ¹⁵ Besydes that he had of marchauntes, and of the marchaundises of the spices, and of all the kinges of Arabia, & of the lordes of the countrey. ¹⁶ And king Solomon made two hundred targettes of beaten golde: sixe hundred sicles of golde went to a target. ¹⁷ And he made three hundred shieldes of beaten golde: three pounde of gold went to one shielde, and the king put them in the house of the wood of Libanon. ¹⁸ And the king made a great seate of iuorie, and couered it with the best golde. ¹⁹ And the seate had sixe steppes, and the toppe of the seate was rounde behinde, & there were pommelles on either syde on the place of the seate, and two lions stoode besyde the pommelles. ²⁰ And there stoode twelue lions on the steppes, sixe on a syde: There was none lyke worke seene in any kingdome. ²¹ And al king Solomons drinking vessels were of golde, and lykewyse all the vessels of the house of the wood of Libanon were of pure golde: And as for siluer, it was nothing worth in the dayes of Solomon: ²² For the kinges nauie of shippes went on the sea vnto Tharsis with the nauie of Hirams shippes: euen once in three yeres went the nauie to Tharsis, and brought golde and siluer, Elephantes teeth, apes, and pecockes. ²³ And so king Solomon exceeded al the kinges of the earth both in ryches and wysdome.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

Tharshish: 1 Kings 22:48, Genesis 10:4, 2 Chronicles 9:21, 2 Chronicles 20:36, 2 Chronicles 20:37, Psalms 48:7, Psalms 72:10, Isaiah 2:16, Isaiah 23:1, Isaiah 23:6, Isaiah 23:10, Isaiah 60:9, Isaiah 66:19, Ezekiel 27:12, Jonah 1:3, Tarshish

ivory: or, elephant's teeth, 1 Kings 10:18, Amos 3:15

apes: Kophim, rather monkeys, the same as the Greek ךחצןע, ךחנןע, or ךחגןע, and Roman Cephus, which animal both Pliny and Solinus inform us was brought from Ethiopia. The same name appears in the monkeys, called KEIIIEN in the Prenestine Pavement, and in the French cep or ceb.

peacocks: Job 39:13

Reciprocal: 1 Kings 22:39 - the ivory house 2 Chronicles 8:18 - General 2 Chronicles 9:10 - brought gold Song of Solomon 7:4 - ivory Jeremiah 10:9 - Tarshish Ezekiel 27:15 - of ivory Ezekiel 27:25 - ships

Cross-References

Genesis 9:26
He sayde moreouer: blessed be the Lord God of Sem, and Chanaan shalbe his seruaunt.

Genesis 10:1
These are the generations of the sonnes of Noah, Sem, Ham, and Iapheth: and vnto them were chyldren borne after the fludde.

Genesis 10:9
The same began to be mightie in the earth, for he was a mightie hunter before the Lorde: Wherfore it is sayde, Euen as Nimrod the mightie hunter before the Lorde.

Genesis 10:17
And Hiui also, and Arki, and Sini,

Genesis 10:27
And Hadoram, and Uzal, and Dicla,

Numbers 23:7
And he toke vp his parable, and sayd: Balac the king of Moab hath brought me fro Mesopotamia, out of the mountaynes of the east, [saying] Come, curse Iacob for my sake, come and defie Israel.

2 Kings 15:19
And Phul the king of Assyria came vpon the lande: And Menahem gaue Phul a thousand talentes of siluer, that his hand might be with him & stablishe the kingdome in his hande.

Job 1:17
And whyle he was yet speaking there came another, and sayde: The Caldees made out their bandes, and fel vpon the camels, and haue caried them away, yea and slayne thy seruauntes with the sworde: and I only am gotten away alone to tell thee.

Isaiah 11:11
At the same time shall the Lord take in hande agayne to recouer the remnaunt of his people, whiche shalbe left aliue from the Assirians, Egyptians, Arabians, Morians, Elamites, Chaldees, Antiochians, & from the Ilandes of the sea,

Isaiah 21:2
A greeuous vision was shewed vnto me: let one deceiptfull offendour come agaynst another, and one destroyer agaynst another: Up Elam, lay siege thou of Media, all their gronyng haue I layde downe.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

For the king had at sea a navy of Tharshish, with the navy of Hiram,.... Tharshish was not the place the navy went from, but whither it went to, as appears from 2 Chronicles 9:21 and designs not Tarsus in Cilicia; nor Tartessus in Spain, or Gades, or which was however near it; though it appears from Strabo s and Mela t that the Phoenicians were acquainted with those parts, and were possessed of them; and particularly, according to Velleius Paterculus u, the navy of Tyre traded thither before the days of Solomen; and Vitringa w is clear in it, that these were ships that traded to Tartessus, with the ships of Tyre; and it is more likely that that place is meant than Carthage, now called Tunis, in Africa; though the Targum here calls it the navy, the navy of Africa; but as Tharshish is sometimes used for the sea in general, here it may signify a particular sea, so called: and which Josephus x names the Tarsic sea, the same with the Indian sea; and points to the same country where Ophir was, which was washed by it, and to which the two fleets joined were bound. This is observed, to account for it how Solomon came by so much gold:

once in three years came the navy of Tharshish; it returned in such a space of time; navigation not being improved as now, and sailing by coasts, and what with their stay abroad to sell and purchase goods, and to refit their ships, as well as sometimes contrary winds, they were so long in performing this voyage, which is now done in a few months:

bringing gold and silver; so that silver was accounted of, and used for some purposes, though not for the king's plate:

ivory, and apes, and peacocks; ivory is the elephant's tooth, as the word signifies; some of those are of an almost incredible size; some are said to be of ninety, others one hundred and twenty five pounds weight; Vartomannus y says, he saw in Sumatra, where some place Ophir, one that weighed three hundred and thirty pounds; though, according to the Ethiopians z the ivory is from the horns; and so say a Pausanias and others, see Ezekiel 27:15 but it is commonly supposed to be of the two teeth in the upper jaw that stands out; and whether they are called horns or teeth, they are the same of which ivory is: of elephants there were large numbers in India, bigger and stronger than those in Africa; which latter were afraid of the former, as Diodorus Siculus b, Curtius c, and Pliny d relate; so Virgil e speaks of ivory as fetched from India and Horace f also, which must be East India, for there are no ivory nor apes in the West Indies g: "apes" or "monkeys" were then, as now, brought from those parts. Strabo h reports, that when the Macedonians under Alexander were there, such a vast number of them came out of the woods, and placed themselves on the open hills, that they took them for an army of men set in battle array to fight them. Vartomannus i speaks of monkeys in the country of Calecut, of a very small price: near Surat apes are in great esteem, nor will they suffer them to be killed on any account k. There are various sorts of apes, some more like to goats, others to dogs, others to lions, and some to other animals, as Philostorgius l relates; and who also says the sphinx is one sort of them, and which he describes on his own sight of it as resembling mankind in many things, and as a very subtle animal; and so Solinus m reckons such among apes; but what come nearest in name and sound to the "kuphim" of Solomon here are those Pliny n calls "cephi", whose fore feet he says are like the hands of men, and their hinder feet like the feet and thighs of men; and Strabo o describes a creature found in Ethiopia, called by him "ceipus" or "cepus", which has a face like a satyr, and the rest of it is between a dog and a bear. There is a creature called "cebus" by Aristotle p, and is described as having a tail, and all the rest like a man; according to Ludolf q, "cephus" is the "orangoutang" of the Indians. The word for peacocks should rather be rendered "parrots", so Junius; which are well known to come from India r, and from thence only, according to Pausanias s; Vartomannus t says, that at Calecut there are parrots of sundry colours, as green and purple, and others of mixed colours, and such a multitude of them, that men are appointed to keep them from the rice in the fields, as we keep crows from corn; and that they are of a small price, one is sold for two pence, or half a souse; and the number of them may be accounted for, because the Brachmans, the priests, reckon them sacred, and therefore the Indians eat them not u. Curtius w designs these, when he says, in India are birds, which are taught to imitate man's voice; and Solinus x says, that India only produces the green parrot, that is, the East Indies, the West Indies not being then discovered; though some y think they were, and that it was thither Solomon's navy went: certain it is there are parrots of various colours in the West Indies, which P. Martyr of Angleria frequently makes mention of in his Decades. Huetius z derives the Hebrew word here used from תכה, which he says signifies to "join" or "adhere" to anything, as these birds will; cling to, and hang by their bills and nails on a branch of a tree, c. so that they are not easily separated from it the word is used in

Deuteronomy 33:3 and, according to some, in this sense. But, after all, if it should be insisted on, as it is by many, that "peacocks" are meant, these also are found in India. Alexander the great first saw them in this country, which so amazed him, that he threatened to punish those severely that should kill any of them a. Vartomannus b makes mention of them as in great numbers in some parts of India; and they are caught and sold at an easy rate at Surat c, and make part both of their game, and of their grand entertainments d; Aeianus e often speaks of them as in India in great numbers, and in great esteem.

s Geograph. l. 3. p. 104. t De Situ Orbis, l. 2. c. 6. u Hist. l. 1. in principio. w Comment. in Jesaiam, c. 23. 1. x Antiqu. l. 8. c. 7. sect. 2. y Navigat. l. 6. c. 22. z Ludolf. Ethiop. Hist. l. 1. c. 10. a Eliac. 1. p. 308, 309. Vid. Plin. l. 8. c. 3. Aelian. Hist. Animal. l. 4. c. 21. & 7. 2. & 11. 37. & 14. 5. Varro apud Schindler. Lexic Pentaglott. col. 1905. b Bibliothec. l. 2. p. 121. So Polybius, Hist. l. 5. c Hist. l. 8. c. 9. d Nat. Hist. l. 8. c. 9. e "India mittit ebur". Georgic. l. 1. ver. 57. f "---Non aurum et ebur Indicum". Carmin. l. 1. Ode 31. ινδογενους

ελεφαντος Manetho. Apotelesm. ver. 297. & l. 4. ver. 149. Philo. de Praemiis, p. 924. g Manasseh Spes Israelis, sect. 2. p. 21. Ortel. Thesaur. Geograh. Varrerius de Ophyra. h Geograph. l. 15. p. 480. i Navigat. l. 5. c. 20. k Ovington's Voyage to Sarat, p. 360, 361, 596. l Eccl. Hist. l. 3. c. 11. m Polyhist. c. 40. n Nat. Hist. l. 8. c. 19. o Ut supra, (Geograph.) l. 17. p. 559. p Hist. Animal. l. 2. c. 8, 9. q Ethiop. Hist. l. 1. c. 10. r Aelian. de Animal. l. 16. c. 2. "Psittacus eois ales mihi missus ab India". Ovid. Amor. l. 2. Eleg. 6. s Corinthiaca, sive, l. 2. p. 136. t Ut supra. (Navigat. l. 5. c. 20.) u Aelian de Animal. l. 13. c. 18. w Ut supra. (Hist. l. 8. c. 9.) x Polyhistor. c. 65. y Erasm. Schmid. de America Orat. ad. Calc. Pindari, p. 261. Vatablus in loc. & in c. 9. 28. Hornius de Gent. Americ. l. 2. c. 6, 7, 8. z De Navigat. Solomon. c. 7. sect. 6. a Aelian. ut supra, (de Animal. l. 16. c. 2.) & l. 5. c. 21. Curtii Hist. l. 9. c. 1. b Navigat. l. 6. c. 7. c Ovington's Voyage to Surat, p. 268, 269. d lbid. p. 398. e De Animal. l. 11. c. 33. & l. 13, 18. & l. 16. c. 2.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

This is given as the reason of the great plentifulness of silver in the time of Solomon. The “navy of Tharshish” (not the same as the navy of Ophir, 1 Kings 9:26) must therefore have imported very large quantities of that metal. Tharshish, or Tartessus, in Spain, had the richest silver mines known in the ancient world, and had a good deal of gold also; apes and ivory were produced by the opposite coast of Africa; and, if north Africa did not produce “peacocks,” which is uncertain, she may have produced the birds called here “tukkiyim,” which some translate “parrots,” others “guinea-fowl” - the latter being a purely African bird. The etymology of the Hebrew words here rendered “ivory,” “apes,” and “peacocks,” is uncertain; but even if of Indian origin, the Jews may have derived their first knowledge of ivory, apes, and peacocks, through nations which traded with India, and may thus have got the words into their language long before the time of Solomon. The names once fixed would be retained, whatever the quarter from where the things were procured afterward.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse 1 Kings 10:22. A navy of Tharshish — For probable conjectures concerning this place, and the three years' voyage, see at the end of this and the preceding chapter. 1 Kings 10:29; "1 Kings 9:28".

Apes — קפים kophim; probably a species of monkey rather than ape.