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Wednesday, July 9th, 2025
the Week of Proper 9 / Ordinary 14
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Bahasa Indonesia Sehari-hari

Nahum 3:18

Celaka! Alangkah terlelapnya para gembalamu, hai raja negeri Asyur! Para pemukamu tertidur, laskarmu berserak-serak di gunung-gunung, dan tidak ada yang mengumpulkan.

Bible Study Resources

Dictionaries:

- Bridgeway Bible Dictionary - Freedom;   Easton Bible Dictionary - Prophecy;   Shepherd;   Fausset Bible Dictionary - Nineveh;   Shepherd;   Holman Bible Dictionary - Nahum;   Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament - Sheep, Shepherd;   Morrish Bible Dictionary - Assyria ;   People's Dictionary of the Bible - Assyria;   Nineveh;   Smith Bible Dictionary - Nin'eveh;   Wilson's Dictionary of Bible Types - Dust;   Slumber;   Watson's Biblical & Theological Dictionary - Dust;   Nineveh;  

Encyclopedias:

- International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Nahum, the Book of;   Noble;   The Jewish Encyclopedia - Shepherd;  

Parallel Translations

Alkitab Terjemahan Baru
Celaka! Alangkah terlelapnya para gembalamu, hai raja negeri Asyur! Para pemukamu tertidur, laskarmu berserak-serak di gunung-gunung, dan tidak ada yang mengumpulkan.
Alkitab Terjemahan Lama
Bahwa segala gembalamu itu tertidurlah, hai raja Asyur! Segala panglima perangmu adalah berbaring; segala rakyatmu sudah tercerai-berai di atas gunung-gunung, dan seorangpun tiada yang memulihkan dia pula!

Contextual Overview

8 Wilt thou count thy selfe better then Alexandria the great, that was scituate amonges the riuers, compassed round about with water, whose fortresse was the sea [and had] her wall from the sea? 9 Ethiopia and Egypt [were thy] strength, and there was none end [of ayde,] Phut and Lubim were thy helpers. 10 Notwithstanding she passed away, she went into captiuitie, her children also were dashed in peeces in the top of all the streetes: for her horrible men they cast lottes, and all her great states they chayned in fetters. 11 And thou [also] shalt be drunke [with trouble] thou shalt be hyd: thou also shalt seke after strength against thine enemie. 12 All thy strong aydes [are as] figge trees with the first ripe figges: if they be stirred, they fal into the mouth of the eater. 13 Behold thy men [are as baren] women in the middest of thee, the gates of thy lande shalbe set wyde open to thine enemies, fire hath deuoured thy barres. 14 Drawe thee water for the siege, strengthen thy fortes, go into the clay, treade the morter, make strong the brickyll. 15 There the fire shall deuoure thee, the sword shall cut thee of, shall deuoure as the locust, though [thou] be multiplied as the locust, though thou be as many as the grashopper. 16 Thou hast increased thy marchauntes as the starres of heauen, the locust spoyleth, and fleeth away. 17 Thy princes are as grashoppers, and thy rulers as great locustes, they swarme in hedges in cold weather, the sunne ariseth and they flee, and the place where they were is not knowen.

Bible Verse Review
  from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge

Thy shepherds: That is, the rulers and tributary princes, who, as Herodotus informs us, deserted Nineveh in the day of her distress, and came not to her succour. Diodorus also says, that when the enemy shut up the king in the city, many nations revolted; each going over to the besiegers for the sake of their liberty; that the king despatched messengers to all his subjects, requiring power from them to succour him, and that he thought himself able to endure the siege, and remained in expectation of armies which were to be raised throughout his empire, relying on the oracle, that the city would not be taken till the river became its enemy. Nahum 2:6, Exodus 15:16, Psalms 76:5, Psalms 76:6, Isaiah 56:9, Isaiah 56:10, Jeremiah 51:39, Jeremiah 51:57

O King: Jeremiah 50:18, Ezekiel 31:3-18, Ezekiel 32:22, Ezekiel 32:23

nobles: or, valiant ones, Isaiah 47:1, Revelation 6:15

thy people: 1 Kings 22:17, Isaiah 13:14

Reciprocal: Jeremiah 6:3 - shepherds Jeremiah 50:36 - her mighty Ezekiel 31:11 - I have driven Ezekiel 31:12 - gone Zephaniah 2:13 - will make

Cross-References

Genesis 3:14
And the lord god said vnto ye serpent: Because thou hast done this, thou art cursed aboue all cattel, and aboue euery beast of the fielde: vpon thy belly shalt thou go, and dust shalt thou eate all the dayes of thy lyfe.
Genesis 3:15
I wyll also put enmitie betweene thee & the woman, betweene thy seede and her seede: and it shall treade downe thy head, and thou shalt treade vpon his heele.
Joshua 23:13
Be ye sure that the Lorde your God will no more cast out all these nations from before you: but they shalbe snares and trappes vnto you, and scourges in your sides, & thornes in your eyes, vntill ye perishe from of this good land whiche the Lorde your God hath geuen you.
Job 1:21
And sayde: Naked came I out of my mothers wombe, & naked shall I turne thyther againe: The Lorde gaue & the Lord hath taken away, blessed be the name of the Lorde.
Job 5:5
His haruest was eaten of the hungrie, & taken from among the thornes, and the thurstie drunke vp their labour: It is not the earth that bringeth foorth iniquitie,
Job 31:40
Then let thystles growe in steede of my wheate, and cockle for my barlye.
Psalms 90:3
Thou turnest man most miserable euen vnto dust: thou sayest also, O ye children of men returne you into dust.
Psalms 104:2
Who is decked with light as it were with a garment: spreadyng out the heauens like a curtayne.
Proverbs 22:5
Thornes and snares are in the way of the frowarde: but he that doth kepe his soule, wyll flee farre from them.
Proverbs 24:31
And lo, it was all couered with nettles, and stoode full of thornes, and the stone wall was broken downe.

Gill's Notes on the Bible

Thy shepherds slumber, O king of Assyria,.... Who this king of Assyria was is not easy to say; some think Esarhaddon, who is the last of the kings of Assyria the Scriptures speak of; according to Diodorus Siculus n, Sardanapalus was the last of these kings, and in him the Assyrian monarchy ended; though, according to Alexander Polyhistor o, Saracus, perhaps the Chyniladanus of Ptolemy, was king when Nineveh was destroyed: it is very likely that Sardanapalus and Saracus design the same person, though set at a great distance by historians; since the same things are said of the one as of the other; particularly that, when they saw their danger, they burnt themselves and theirs in the royal palace at Nineveh; nor is it probable that the same city with the empire should be destroyed and subverted twice by the same people, the Medes and Babylonians, uniting together; and it is remarkable that the double destruction of this city and empire is related by different historians; and those that speak of the one say nothing of the other: but this king, be he who he will, his case was very bad, his "shepherds slumbered"; his ministers of state, his counsellors, subordinate magistrates in provinces and cities, and particularly in Nineveh; his generals and officers in his army were careless and negligent of their duty, and gave themselves up to sloth and ease; and which also was his own character, as historians agree in; or they were dead, slumbering in their graves, and so could be of no service to him:

thy nobles shall dwell [in the dust]; be brought very low, into a very mean and abject condition; their honour shall be laid in the dust, and they be trampled upon by everyone: or, "they shall sleep" p; that is, die, and be buried, as the Vulgate Latin renders it: or, "shall dwell in silence", as others q; have their habitation in the silent grave, being cut off by the enemy; so that this prince would have none of his mighty men to trust in, but see himself stripped of all his vain confidences:

thy people is scattered upon the mountains, and no man gathereth [them]; like sheep without a shepherd, which being frightened by beasts of prey, run here and there, and there is none to get them together, and bring them back again; so the subjects of this king, being terrified at the approach of the Medes and Babylonians, forsook their cities, and fled to the mountains; where they were scattered about, having no leader and commander to gather them together, and put them in regular order to face and oppose the enemy. So the Targum interprets it

"the people of thine armies.''

n Bibliothec. l. 2. p. 109, 115. o Apud Syncell. p. 210. p ישכבו "dormiunt", Piscator; so Ben Melech interprets it, "the rest of death." q "Habitarunt in silentio", Buxtorf, Drusius.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Thy shepherds - that is, they who should counsel for the people’s good and feed it, and “keep watch over their flocks by night,” but are now like their master, the “King of Assyria,” are his shepherds not the shepherds of the people whom they care not for; these slumber, at once through listlessness and excess, and now have fallen asleep in death, as the Psalmist says, “They have slept their sleep” Psalms 76:6. The prophet speaks of the future, as already past in effect, as it was in the will of God. All “the shepherds of the people” , all who could shepherd them, or hold them to together, themselves sleep “the sleep of death;” their mighty men dwelt in that abiding-place, where they shall not move or rise, the grave; and so as Micaiah, in the vision predictive of Ahab’s death, “saw all Israel scattered on the hills, as sheep that have not a shepherd” 1 Kings 22:17, so the people of the Assyrian monarch shall be “scattered on the mountains,” shepherdless, and that irretrievably; no man gathers them.

Clarke's Notes on the Bible

Verse Nahum 3:18. Thy shepherds slumber — That is, the rulers and tributary princes, who, as Herodotus informs us, deserted Nineveh in the day of her distress, and came not forward to her succour.

Diodorus Siculus says, lib. ii., when the enemy shut up the king in the city, many nations revolted, each going over to the besiegers, for the sake of their liberty; that the king despatched messengers to all his subjects, requiring power from them to succour him; and that he thought himself able to endure the siege, and remained in expectation of armies which were to be raised throughout his empire, relying on the oracle that the city would not be taken till the river became its enemy. Nahum 2:6.


 
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