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Jerome's Latin Vulgate
Josue 11:1
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Ama itaque Dominum Deum tuum, et observa prcepta ejus et cremonias, judicia atque mandata, omni tempore.
Quae cum audisset Iabin rex Asor, misit ad Iobab regem Madon et ad regern Semeron atque ad regem Achsaph,
Bible Verse Review
from Treasury of Scripure Knowledge
Jabin: Joshua 11:10, Joshua 12:19, Joshua 19:36, Judges 4:2, Judges 4:17
he sent: Joshua 10:3, Joshua 10:4, Psalms 2:1-4, Psalms 83:1-3, Isaiah 26:11, Isaiah 43:2, Isaiah 43:5-7
Madon: The LXX read בסשם, which, if legitimate, Calmet thinks may be the same as Maronia or Marath, in Phoenicia, to the north of mount Lebanon, Joshua 12:19, Joshua 12:20, Joshua 19:15, Joshua 19:25.
Shimron: Supposed to be the same with Symira, in Coele-Syria, joined to Maron or Marath by Pliny and Pomponius Mela.
Achshaph: Supposed by some to be the same as Achzib or Ecdippa; from which, however, it is distinguished in Joshua 19:25, Joshua 19:29. It was in the northern part of the tribe of Asher.
Reciprocal: Joshua 9:1 - all the kings Judges 1:19 - chariots Judges 5:19 - kings 1 Kings 9:15 - Hazor 2 Kings 15:29 - Hazor
Gill's Notes on the Bible
And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard [these things],.... The taking of Jericho and Ai, the defeat of the five kings, and the conquest of the southern part of the land of Canaan; he was alarmed by them, and sent to all the northern kings to join with him against Israel; and he the rather took this upon him, because as Adonizedek king of Jerusalem was the principal king in the southern part of the land, so was he in the northern part; see Joshua 11:10; Hazor fell to the tribe of Naphtali, Joshua 19:36. It was situated, as Josephus n says, on the lake Samachonitis, the same with the waters of Merom,
Joshua 11:5. According to Adrichomius o, it was four miles from the castle Theron to the north, six miles from Caesarea Philippi to the southwest, and nine miles from the great sea to the east; and was, in the times of Christ, one of the ten principal cities of the region of Decapolis, in which he preached, Matthew 4:25; and is now called Antiopia; and in the Arabic version here it is called Caesarea, and, according to Bunting p, it lay eighty miles from Jerusalem to the north:
that he sent to Jobab king of Madon; of which place we nowhere else read but in Joshua 12:19; though Brocard q finds a place near Dan, called Madan by the Turks at this day:
and to the king of Shimron; not Samaria, as many think, for that was built by Omri, king of Israel, and had its name from Shemer, the owner of the hill on which it was built some hundreds of years after this; besides Samaria was in the tribe of Ephraim, this in the tribe of Zebulun, Joshua 19:15; and is called Shimronmeron, Joshua 12:20; and in the Jerusalem Talmud r Simoniah, and here in the Septuagint version Symoson:
and to the king of Achshaph: a city which fell to the lot of the tribe of Asher, Joshua 19:25. The Septuagint calls it Aziph, as if it was the same with Achzib, or Ecdippa, now called Zib: but Achshaph and Achzib are manifestly distinguished, Joshua 19:25. Jerom says s, in his time it was a little village, and went by the name of Chasalus, eight miles from Diocaesarea, at the foot of Mount Tabor. The Arabic version adds a fourth king that Jabin sent to, called "the king of Mausel"; but we read not of any such place in the land of Canaan.
n Antiqu. l. 5. c. 5. sect. 1. o Theatrum Terrae Sanct. p. 102. p Travels of the Patriarchs, &c. p. 101. q Apud Fuller's Pisgah Sight, B. 2. c. 4. p. 114. r Megillah, fol. 70. 1. s De loc. Heb. fol. 88. C. D.
Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Jabin - Probably the hereditary and official title of the kings of Hazor (see Judges 4:2). The word means literally “he shall understand,” and is equivalent to “the wise” or “intelligent.”
Hazor - This name, which means “enclosed or “fortified,” belonged also to two other towns in the south of Judah (compare Joshua 15:23, Joshua 15:25). The Hazor here in question, the head of the principalities of Northern Canaan Joshua 11:10 overlooked the lake of Merom, and was afterward assigned to the tribe of Naphtali Joshua 19:36. It doubtless was one of the strongest fortresses in the north, both by nature and art. It is mentioned in Egyptian inscriptions of an early date. Its situation in the midst of a plain, though itself on a hill, rendered it especially suitable as a stronghold for people whose main reliance was on horses and chariots Joshua 11:4; Judges 4:3. Its position on the northern frontier led to its being fortified by Solomon 1 Kings 9:15. Its people were carried away captive, with those of the other cities of Naphtali, by Tiglath-Pileser 2 Kings 15:29. By the “plain of Nasor,” where (1 Macc. 11:67) Jonathan gained a victory over the Syrians, is doubtless to be understood “the plain of Asor” (i. e. Hazor). Hazor is conjecturally identified with the modern Tell Kuraibeh.
Had heard those things - i. e. of the defeat of the southern Canaanites at Beth-horon and of the conquest of their country.
The sites of Madon, Shimron, and of Achshaph, are unknown.
Clarke's Notes on the Bible
CHAPTER XI
The Kings of Hazor, Madon, Shimron, and Achshaph, with those
of the mountains, plains, c., and various chiefs of the
Canaanites and Amorites, confederate against Israel, 1-3.
They pitch their tents at the waters of Merom, 4, 5.
The Lord encourages Joshua, 6.
He attacks and discomfits them, 7, 8.
Houghs all their horses, and burns all their chariots, 9.
Takes and burns several of their cities, 10-13.
The Israelites take the spoils, 14, 15.
An account of the country taken by Joshua, 16-18.
The Gibeonites only make peace with Israel, 19.
All the rest resist and are overcome, 20.
Joshua cuts off the Anakim, 21, 22.
The conquered lands are given to Israel, and the war is
concluded, 23,
NOTES ON CHAP. XI
Verse Joshua 11:1. Jabin king of Hazor — It is probable that Jabin was the common name of all the kings of Hazor. That king, by whom the Israelites were kept in a state of slavery for twenty years, and who was defeated by Deborah and Barak, was called by this name see Judges 4:2-3; Judges 4:23. The name signifies wise or intelligent. The city of Hazor was situated above the Lake Semechon, in Upper Galilee, according to Josephus, Antiq. lib. v., c. 6. It was given to the tribe of Naphtali, Joshua 19:36, who it appears did not possess it long; for though it was burnt by Joshua, Joshua 11:11, it is likely that the Canaanites rebuilt it, and restored the ancient government, as we find a powerful king there about one hundred and thirty years after the death of Joshua, Judges 4:1. It is the same that was taken by Tiglath-pileser, together with Kadesh, to which it is contiguous; see 2 Kings 15:29. It is supposed to have given name to the Valley or Plain of Hazor or Nasor, situated between it and Kadesh, where Jonathan and Mattathias defeated the armies of Demetrius, and slew three thousand of their men, 1Mac 11:63-74. It was in ancient times the metropolitan city of all that district, and a number of petty kings or chieftains were subject to its king, see Joshua 11:10; and it is likely that it was those tributary kings who were summoned to attend the king of Hazor on this occasion; for Joshua having conquered the southern part of the promised land, the northern parts seeing themselves exposed made now a common interest, and, joining with Jabin, endeavoured to put a stop to the progress of the Israelites. See Calmet.
Jobab king of Madon — This royal city is nowhere else mentioned in Scripture except in Joshua 12:19. The Vatican copy of the Septuagint reads Μαρων, Maron, which, if legitimate, Calmet thinks may mean Maronia or Merath in Phoenicia, to the north of Mount Libanus. The Hebrew text reads מרון Meron, Joshua 12:20, after Shimron, which is probably the same with מדון Madon, Joshua 11:19, the word having casually dropped out of the preceding place into the latter, and the ר resh and ד daleth being interchanged, which might have easily happened from the great similarity of the letters. Hence Calmet conjectures that it may be the same place with מרוז Meroz, Judges 5:23, the ז zain and final ן nun being interchanged, which they might easily, as they are so very similar.
King of Shimron — This city is supposed to be the same with Symira, in Coelosyria, joined to Maron or Marath, by Pliny and Pomponius Mela. It cannot be Samaria, as that had its name long after by Omri king of Israel. See 1 Kings 16:24.
King of Achshaph — Calmet supposes this to have been the city of Ecdippe, mentioned by Pliny, Ptolemy, Josephus, and Eusebius. The latter places it within ten miles of Ptolemais, on the road to Tyre. It fell to the tribe of Asher. See Joshua 19:26.
