Lectionary Calendar
Tuesday, April 23rd, 2024
the Fourth Week after Easter
the Fourth Week after Easter
Attention!
Tired of seeing ads while studying? Now you can enjoy an "Ads Free" version of the site for as little as 10¢ a day and support a great cause!
Click here to learn more!
Click here to learn more!
Bible Commentaries
Darby's Synopsis of the New Testament Darby's Synopsis
Copyright Statement
These files are public domain.
These files are public domain.
Bibliographical Information
Darby, John. "Commentary on Romans 5". "John Darby's Synopsis of the New Testament". https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/eng/dsn/romans-5.html. 1857-67.
Darby, John. "Commentary on Romans 5". "John Darby's Synopsis of the New Testament". https://www.studylight.org/
Whole Bible (60)New Testament (20)Gospels Only (1)Individual Books (15)
Introduction
1:1 called (f-7) 'A called apostle,' i.e. an apostle by (divine) calling. Cf. ver. 7 'called saints,' and see note there.
Verse 2
5:2 have (i-4) Perfect tense. 'have obtained and possess.'
Verse 6
5:6 died (k-13) Or 'died.' so ver. 8. The aorist; but 'has died' is used in English for the fact, which is the force of the aorist. That is, it is so used where the moral import is an abiding one, and time is not in question, even if no abiding effect is meant. 'He has taken a journey.' The simple preterite, 'died,' is not an aorist in English; it is historical, and the fact is viewed as past and done with.
Verse 9
5:9 of] (a-11) Or 'by his blood,' 'by his life.' when en is used morally it has the force of 'in the power of,' 'in the intrinsic character of;' thus 'in flesh,' 'in spirit.' The article and pronoun here give it a somewhat more instrumental character. 'Through' in ver. 10 is dia .
Verse 10
5:10 of] (a-29) Or 'by his blood,' 'by his life.' when en is used morally it has the force of 'in the power of,' 'in the intrinsic character of;' thus 'in flesh,' 'in spirit.' The article and pronoun here give it a somewhat more instrumental character. 'Through' in ver. 10 is dia .
Verse 12
5:12 (b-0) The epistle divides itself here, as to doctrine, into two distinct parts, which a new paragraph hardly shows. Up to ch. 5.11 'sins' had been treated of; from this point 'sin' is in view.
Verse 13
5:13 account (c-15) This is a different word from that translated 'reckoned' in ch. 4.22,23 (both 'imputed' in A.V.). There, a man is judicially estimated such or such. here, a particular fault is put to a person's account. The former is found in Galatians 3:6 and 2 Corinthians 5:19 ; this only in Philemon 1:18 .
Verse 14
5:14 reigned (d-3) Or 'has reigned,' aorist. in (e-15) Or 'according to.' 'Sinned after' is not the sense here. It refers to Hosea 6:7 , 'They, like Adam, have transgressed the covenant.' this of Israel. But they who had no law did not. The point here is the form or character in or with which anything happens; that which gives it its character.
Verse 15
5:15 offence? (f-11) Or 'not as the offence [is] the act of favour.' one (g-18) Lit. 'the one.'
Verse 16
5:16 gift? (h-12) Or 'And not as by one that sinned [is] the gift.' I would add that I have translated the Greek words, dorema as 'gift,' charisma as 'act of favour,' and dorea as 'free gift.' This will distinguish them. of (i-17) That is, had its foundation in, was grounded on, one single thing or act. justification. (k-30) Dikaioma ; or 'judicial righteousness.' Here the Greek is more exact than English perhaps allows. It is the state of accomplished subsisting righteousness before God, in which justification places us. The word dikaiosis , 'justification,' in ver. 18 and ch. 4.25 is the act of justifying. In English we must use justification for both. I cannot say 'righteousness;' that might be practical. In ch. 4.25 the doing of it was in view, 'for our justifying;' not, as some read, 'because we are justified,' which could only be said in connection with faith, whereas 'for our justifying' is the effect future to the rising again.
Verse 17
5:17 Christ.) (l-38) Vers. 13-17 are a parenthesis.
Verse 18
5:18 righteousness (m-17) Here dikaioma ; the same word as translated 'justification,' ver. 16, but it cannot be so translated here. It is the accomplished subsisting righteousness answering to the one offence.
Verse 20
5:20 in, (a-4) Came in as an extra thing, or by the by.
Verse 21
5:21 righteousness (b-20) i.e. on that principle of righteousness, dikaiosune . i.e. the quality itself, as ch. 3.21.