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Provocation; Provoke
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
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prov - ṓ - kā´shun , prṓ - vōk ´: "Provoke," literally, "to call forth," hence, to excite or stir up, whether in a good or bad sense, appears frequently in the Old Testament as the translation of Piel, or Hiphil of כּעס , kā‛aṣ (noun, כּעס , ka‛aṣ ), in the sense of "to make angry" ( Deuteronomy 4:25; Deuteronomy 9:18; 1 Kings 14:9 , 1 Kings 14:15 , etc.); sometimes of מרה , mārāh (Isaiah 3:8 ), and of other words. In the New Testament we have παραζηλόω , parazēlóō , "to make jealous" (Romans 10:19; Romans 11:11 , Romans 11:14 ); παροργίζω , parorgı́zō , "to make angry" (Ephesians 6:4; compare Colossians 3:21 ); with παραπικραίνω , parapikraı́no , "to embitter" (Hebrews 3:16; compare in 1 Esdras 6:15), and other Greek words. "Provocation" in Hebrews 3:8 , Hebrews 3:15 (quoting Psalm 95:8 ) is parapikrasmós , the Septuagint for the Hebrew merı̄bhāh . An example of the good sense of the word is in Hebrews 10:24 , "Consider one another to provoke (literally, "to the provoking," here paroxusmós ) unto love and good works."
For "provoke" the Revised Version (British and American) has "despise" (Numbers 14:11; Numbers 31:20 ), "rebel against" (Psalm 78:40 ); for "provoked," "despised" (Numbers 14:23; Numbers 16:30; Isaiah 1:4 ), "moved" (Deuteronomy 32:16; 1 Chronicles 21:1 ), "rebelled against" (Psalm 78:56 ), "were rebellious" (106:33, 43); for "provoking" (Psalm 78:17 ), "to rebel against"; for "provoked" (2 Corinthians 9:2 ), "stirred up"; "provoked within" for "stirred in" (Acts 17:16 ); "provoked" for "limited" (Psalm 78:41 margin, "limited"); "provoketh" for "emboldeneth" ( Job 16:3 ); instead of "Provoke not your children to anger" (Colossians 3:21 ), "Provoke not your children."
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Bibliography Information
Orr, James, M.A., D.D. General Editor. Entry for 'Provocation; Provoke'. International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/isb/p/provocation-provoke.html. 1915.
