the Week of Proper 22 / Ordinary 27
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Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #4698 - σπλάγχνον
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- bowels, intestines, (the heart, lungs, liver, etc.)
- bowels
- the bowels were regarded as the seat of the more violent passions, such as anger and love; but by the Hebrews as the seat of the tenderer affections, esp. kindness, benevolence, compassion; hence our heart (tender mercies, affections, etc.)
- a heart in which mercy resides
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σπλάγχνον, τό, mostly in pl. σπλάγχνα ( σπλάγχανα SIG 1002 ), inward parts, esp. the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, which in sacrifices were reserved to be eaten by the sacrificers at the beginning of their feast (distd. from ἔντερα, κοιλίη, A. Ag. 1221, Hdt. 2.40, cf. Arist. PA 667b3 ); σπλάγχνα πάσαντο ll. 1.464, Od. 3.9; δῶκε δ' ἄρα σπλάγχνων μοίρας ib. 40; σπλάγχνα δ' ἄρ' σπτήσαντες ἐνώμων 20.252, cf. Ar. Pax 1105 (hex.): hence, sacrificial feast, Id. Eq. 410, V. 654, SIG 1002.4 (Milet., v/iv B.C. ), 1044.39 (Halic., iv/iii B.C. ), Test.Epict. 6.17, etc.; also as used in divination, σπλάγχνων τε λειότητα A. Pr. 493, cf. E. Supp. 212, El. 828, 838, Aeschin. 3.160 .
2. any part of the inwards, ὑπὸ σπλάγχνων ἐλθεῖν to come from the womb, of a babe, Pi. O. 6.43, cf. N. 1.35; τῶν σῶν . . ἐκ σπλάγχνων ἕνα S. Ant. 1066; μητρὸς ἐν σπλάγχνοις IG 14.1977: so in sg., τὸ κοινὸν ς. οὗ πεφύκαμεν A. Th. 1036; of the lungs, μόχθοις ἀνδροκμῆσι φυσιᾷ ς . Id. Eu. 249; τοῦ γείτονος αὐτῷ (sc. τῷ ἥπατι ) σπλάγχνου, of the spleen, Pl. Ti. 72c .
3. οἱ παῖδες ( children ) σπλάγχνα λέγονται Artem. 1.44, cf. 5.57 .
II metaph. (like heart ), the seat of the feelings, affections, esp. of anger, ς. θερμῆναι κότῳ Ar. Ra. 844; τὰ ς. ἀγανακτεῖ ib. 1006; μομφὰς ὑπὸ σπλάγχνοις ἔχειν E. Alc. 1009: generally, of anxiety, A. Ag. 995 (lyr.); σπλάγχνα δέ μου κελαινοῦται Id. Ch. 413 (lyr.); of love, ἐκύμηνε τὰ ς. ἔρωτι καρδίην ἀνοιστρηθείς Herod. 1.56; παιδὸς ὑπὸ σπλάγχνοισιν ἔχει πόθον Theoc. 7.99, cf. D.H. 11.35, AP 5.55 ( Diosc. ), etc.; of pity, LXX Proverbs 12:10, Ep.Philippians 1:8; Philippians 2:1, etc.; ὑπὲρ σπλάχνου 'for pity's sake', BGU 1139.17 (i B.C.); so S. Aj. 995, E. Or. 1201, Hipp. 118; ἀνδρὸς ς. ἐκμαθεῖν to learn a man's ' heart ', Id. Med. 220; ἀνδρὸς πονηροῦ ς. οὐ μαλάσσεται Men. Mon. 31; ς. σιδηροῦν, of Epaminondas, Epicur. Fr. 560 .
III = βρύον, Dsc. 1.21.
σπλάγχνον, σπλαγχνου, τό, and (only so in the N. T.) plural σπλάγχνα, σπλάγχνων, τά, Hebrew רַחֲמִים, bowels, intestines (the heart, lungs, liver, etc.);
a. properly: Acts 1:18 (2 Macc. 9:5f; 4 Macc. 5:29, and in Greek writings from Homer down).
b. in the Greek poets from Aeschylus down the bowels were regarded as the seat of the more violent passions, such as anger and love; but by the Hebrews as the seat of the tenderer affections, especially kindness, benevolence, compassion (cf. Lightfoot on Philippians 1:8; Winers Grammar, 18); hence, equivalent to our heart (tender mercies, affections, etc. (cf. B. D. American edition under the word
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σπλάγχνον , -ου , τό ,
mostly (in NT always) in pl., σπλάγχνα , -ων , τά ,
[in LXX: Proverbs 12:10 (H7356, elsewhere rendered by οἰκτιρμοί , Psalms 25:6; Psalms 40:12 and by ἔλεος , Isaiah 47:6), Proverbs 26:22 (H990), Wisdom of Solomon 10:5, Sirach 30:7, 2 Maccabees 9:5 (6), al.;]
the inward parts (heart, liver, lungs, etc.; Lat. viscera): Acts 1:18. Metaph., of the seat of the feelings and of the feelings themselves (in Gk. poets, of anger, anxiety, etc.), the heart, affections (the characteristic LXX and NT reference of the word to feelings of kindness, benevolence and pity, is found in Papyri; v. MM, xxiii; cf. Lft. on Philippians 1:8): 2 Corinthians 6:12; 2 Corinthians 7:15, Philemon 1:7; Philemon 1:12; Philemon 1:20, 1 John 3:17; σ . οἰκτιρμοῦ , Colossians 3:12; σ . καὶ οἰκτιρμοὶ , Philippians 2:1; σ . ἐλέους θεοῦ ; ἡμῶν , Luke 1:78; σ . Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ , Philippians 1:8.†
Copyright © 1922 by G. Abbott-Smith, D.D., D.C.L.. T & T Clarke, London.
";use together with,"; ";associate with"; : cf. P Grenf II. 14 (b).4 (B.C. 264 or 227) συνκεχρήμε ̣[θ ]α δ ̣ὲ καὶ τοὺς τεσσαράκοντα ὄνους, in the account of the preparations for the visit of the διοικητής. See also BGU IV. 1192.9 (Ptol./Aug.), 1208.33 (B.C. 27–6), and P Giss I. 41 ii. 1 (beg. of Hadrian’s reign) (= Chrest. I. p. 30), where σ ̣υνχρήσασθαι occurs in a broken context. In BGU IV. 1187.22 (c. B.C. I) τῆι δὲ περὶ ἑαυτὰς βίαι καὶ αὐθαδίᾳ [συ ]νχρησάμενοι, the verb is practically = ";resort to."; It is found only once in the NT, John 4:9, where it suggests ";treat with undue familiarity"; : cf. Ign. Magn. 3 πρέπει μὴ συνχρᾶσθαι τῇ ἡλικίᾳ τοῦ ἐπισκόπου, and Epict. i. 2. 7 ταῖς τῶν ἐκτὸς ἀξίαις συγχρώμεθα. Diog. Oenoand. fr. 64 iii. 9 shows the usual sense, familiariter uti aliquo.
Copyright © 1914, 1929, 1930 by James Hope Moulton and George Milligan. Hodder and Stoughton, London.
Derivative Copyright © 2015 by Allan Loder.