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Bible Lexicons
Old & New Testament Greek Lexical Dictionary Greek Lexicon
Strong's #5759 -
- Thayer
- Strong
- Mounce
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- Word
- Parsing
THE PERFECT TENSE IN GREEK CORRESPONDS TO THE PERFECT TENSE IN ENGLISH, AND DESCRIBES AN ACTION WHICH IS VIEWED AS HAVING BEEN COMPLETED IN THE PAST, ONCE AND FOR ALL, NOT NEEDING TO BE REPEATED.
JESUS' LAST CRY FROM THE CROSS, TETELESTAI ("IT IS FINISHED!") IS A GOOD EXAMPLE OF THE PERFECT TENSE USED IN THIS SENSE, NAMELY "IT [THE ATONEMENT] HAS BEEN ACCOMPLISHED, COMPLETELY, ONCE AND FOR ALL TIME."
CERTAIN ANTIQUATED VERB FORMS IN GREEK, SUCH AS THOSE RELATED TO SEEING (EIDW) OR KNOWING (OIDA) WILL USE THE PERFECT TENSE IN A MANNER EQUIVALENT TO THE NORMAL PAST TENSE. THESE FEW CASES ARE EXCEPTION TO THE NORMAL RULE AND DO NOT ALTER THE NORMAL CONNOTATION OF THE PERFECT TENSE STATED ABOVE.
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THE ACTIVE VOICE REPRESENTS THE SUBJECT AS THE DOER OR PERFORMER OF THE ACTION. E.G., IN THE SENTENCE, "THE BOY HIT THE BALL," THE BOY PERFORMS THE ACTION.
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THE IMPERATIVE MOOD CORRESPONDS TO THE ENGLISH IMPERATIVE, AND EXPRESSES A COMMAND TO THE HEARER TO PERFORM A CERTAIN ACTION BY THE ORDER AND AUTHORITY OF THE ONE COMMANDING. THUS, JESUS' PHRASE, "REPENT YE, AND BELIEVE THE GOSPEL" (MK.1:15) IS NOT AT ALL AN "INVITATION," BUT AN ABSOLUTE COMMAND REQUIRING FULL OBEDIENCE ON THE PART OF ALL HEARERS.
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